Related Experiment Video
Updated: Mar 17, 2026

Real Time Monitoring of Intracellular Bile Acid Dynamics Using a Genetically Encoded FRET-based Bile Acid Sensor
Published on: January 4, 2016
Farnesoid X Receptor-Mediated Bile Acids Regulation in Cholestasis
Thamer Abdulla Mohammed1, Munaf H Zalzala2
1Ministry of Health and Environment, A State Company That Markets Drugs and Medical Appliances in Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq.
None:
The main process, for the elimination of cholesterol from the human body, involves the alteration of cholesterol into bile acid (BA), by the liver. The farnesoid X receptor (FXR), a member of the nuclear receptor superfamily, is essential for the regulation of BA, glucose, and lipid metabolism. It is largely found in the liver, intestines, kidney, and adrenal glands, and to a smaller degree in the heart and adipose tissue. The binding locations, of the FXR, are in close proximity to formerly undisclosed target genes, with distinctive activities associated with transcriptional regulators, autophagy, apoptosis, hypoxia, inflammation, RNA processing, and a number of cellular signaling pathways. The preservation of BA homeostasis, by the FXR, entails the direct stimulation of the expression of the small heterodimer partner in the liver, and the fibroblast growth factor 15/19 (FGF15/FGF19) in the intestine, which impedes the activity of enzymes associated with hepatic BA synthesis, including cytochrome P450 7A1 (Cyp7a1). This investigation delves into the role of the FXR in terms of BA metabolism regulation, as well as its role in the pathophysiologic activity of cholestasis.
Related Concept Videos
Transducer Mechanism: Nuclear Receptors
About 48 different soluble family members of nuclear receptors are identified that can be divided into two main classes:
Hepatic Drug Excretion: Influencing Factors
Hepatic Drug Excretion: Enterohepatic Cycling
Post-release drugs and metabolites can be reabsorbed into the body from the intestine. For conjugated metabolites like glucuronides, reabsorption requires enzymatic hydrolysis by intestinal microflora. This...
Cholesterol: Significance and Regulation
Considering cholesterol and...
Effect of Hepatic Disease on Pharmacokinetics: Drug Dosing and Hepatic Blood Flow
Hepatic Drug Clearance: Role of Transporters

