Related Experiment Video
Updated: Mar 18, 2026
06:02
An Approach to Study Shape-Dependent Transcriptomics at a Single Cell Level
Published on: November 2, 2020
6.3K
Heart Failure in Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
Olives Nguyen1, Daniel Kamna1, Ahmad Masri1
1Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Oregon Health & Science University Portland, OR, US.
Cardiac Failure Review
|March 16, 2026
Summary
End-stage hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (ES-HCM) exists on a spectrum, impacting prognosis and arrhythmia risk. Advanced therapies improve outcomes, but early recognition and targeted treatments are crucial for managing this condition.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Genetics
- Internal Medicine
Background:
- End-stage hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (ES-HCM) presents a spectrum from systolic dysfunction to a restrictive phenotype.
- Patients face poor prognoses due to low cardiac output and high arrhythmic risk.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the spectrum of ES-HCM, current therapeutic outcomes, and future directions.
- To emphasize the importance of timely recognition and intervention in ES-HCM management.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of contemporary guideline-directed therapies for ES-HCM.
- Analysis of emerging treatments like cardiac myosin inhibitors and anti-fibrotic strategies.
Main Results:
- Guideline-directed therapies (ICDs, CRT, transplantation) have improved ES-HCM outcomes.
- Neurohormonal modulation and LVAD roles require further definition.
- Early recognition and intervention are vital for reducing morbidity and mortality.
Conclusions:
- Phenotype-specific approaches and equitable advanced therapy application are critical for addressing ES-HCM.
- Advancing targeted treatments may reduce the incidence of ES-HCM by modifying its natural history.
Related Concept Videos
01:29Cardiomyopathy III: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
627
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, or HCM, is an autosomal dominant genetic disorder characterized by asymmetric left ventricular hypertrophy without ventricular dilation. It is more common in men and is typically diagnosed in young, athletic adults.EtiologyHCM is primarily genetic and is caused by mutations in genes encoding sarcomeric proteins. Researchers have identified over 1400 mutations across at least 11 different genes. Among these, the most frequently occurring mutations are found in the...
627
01:29Heart Failure II: Pathophysiology
1.3K
Systolic Heart Failure and Compensatory MechanismsSystolic heart failure (also termed HFrEF, Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction) is the most prevalent type of heart filure. It results in a decreased volume of blood being pumped from the ventricle. The aortic arch and carotid sinuses have baroreceptors that detect reduced blood pressure, triggering the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) to release epinephrine and norepinephrine. Initially, this response aims to boost heart rate and...
1.3K
01:17Pathophysiology of Heart Failure
4.4K
Heart failure (HF) is a progressive syndrome involving ventricles that leads to inadequate cardiac output. It can be classified based on location and output or ejection fraction. Ejection fraction (EF) is an essential measurement in the diagnosis and surveillance of HF. Reduced EF corresponds to systolic heart failure (HFrEF). However, HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is becoming increasingly prevalent. Also known as diastolic HF, this form of HF is related to aging. The...
4.4K
01:27Heart Failure I: Introduction
1.1K
Heart failure refers to a clinical syndrome caused by structural or functional cardiac disorders that prevent the heart from pumping an adequate amount of blood to meet the body's metabolic needs. This condition often arises from myocardial infarction or ischemia, leading to decreased cardiac output, reduced tissue perfusion, impaired gas exchange, fluid volume imbalance, and decreased functional ability.Heart failure can result from disruptions in the mechanisms that regulate cardiac output...
1.1K
01:29Cardiomyopathy V: Interprofessional Care
584
Managing cardiomyopathy involves addressing underlying or precipitating causes, treating heart failure with medications, and implementing dietary changes and a balanced exercise and rest regimen.Lifestyle ModificationsCardiomyopathy patients should adopt a low-sodium diet to reduce fluid retention and manage heart failure. A personalized exercise and rest plan helps maintain physical fitness without overstraining the heart. Avoiding alcohol and tobacco is essential to prevent further damage to...
584
01:25Cardiomyopathy I: Introduction and Classification
753
Cardiomyopathy, or CMP, is a group of diseases affecting the myocardial structure, impairing its ability to pump blood effectively. This condition can lead to arrhythmias, heart failure, or sudden cardiac death.Cardiomyopathies are classified into primary and secondary categories:Primary Cardiomyopathy refers to conditions involving only the heart muscle that are often idiopathic (of unknown cause) or genetic. They primarily affect the myocardium without the involvement of other systemic...
753