Targeting the mTOR Pathway with Natural Products: A Potential Therapeutic Approach for Autism Spectrum Disorders.

Area of Science:

• Neuroscience
• Biochemistry
• Pharmacology

Background:

• Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) presents diverse challenges in social communication and behavior.
• Current ASD treatments include various medications, but natural products are gaining attention.
• The mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway is implicated in neurodevelopmental disorders, including ASD.

Purpose of the Study:

• To explore the role of the mTOR signaling pathway in ASD.
• To investigate the potential of natural products, specifically phytochemicals, in modulating mTOR signaling for ASD treatment.

Main Methods:

• Review of existing research on mTOR signaling in ASD.
• Analysis of preclinical data on phytochemicals (curcumin, resveratrol, EGCG) and their effects on mTOR.
• Examination of the roles of mTORC1 and mTORC2 in cellular processes relevant to ASD.

Main Results:

• mTOR pathway dysregulation is linked to abnormal synapse formation, neuroinflammation, and mitochondrial dysfunction in ASD.
• Phytochemicals like curcumin, resveratrol, and epigallocatechin gallate can modulate mTOR signaling.
• These compounds have shown potential in improving neurobehavioral outcomes in preclinical ASD models.

Conclusions:

• The mTOR signaling pathway is a potential therapeutic target for ASD.
• Natural products and phytochemicals offer a promising avenue for developing novel ASD interventions targeting the mTOR pathway.
• Further investigation is needed to confirm the efficacy and mechanisms of phytochemicals in ASD treatment.