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Updated: Mar 18, 2026

Quantitative Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Skeletal Muscle Disease

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Published on: December 18, 2016

Small Animal ³¹P Cardiac MR Spectroscopy: Sequence and Setup Optimization.

Matthias Luetgens¹, Tobias Lindner², Cajetan Lang³

¹Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Pediatric Radiology and Neuroradiology, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany.

Current Medical Imaging

|March 16, 2026

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Optimized phosphorus-31 magnetic resonance spectroscopy (³¹P MRS) using free induction decay with outer volume suppression (FID with OVS) enables in vivo metabolic analysis of mouse hearts. This method detected significant changes in phosphocreatine to adenosine triphosphate ratios post-myocardial infarction.

Keywords:

<sup>31</sup>P Free induction decay.MRS Myocardium Small animal x-nuclei

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Noninvasive Assessment of Cardiac Abnormalities in Experimental Autoimmune Myocarditis by Magnetic Resonance Microscopy Imaging in the Mouse

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Published on: June 20, 2014

Area of Science:

Biophysics
Cardiovascular Research
Metabolic Imaging

Background:

Assessing in vivo myocardial metabolism in mice presents challenges due to the heart's dynamic nature and small size.
Phosphorus-31 magnetic resonance spectroscopy (³¹P MRS) is a powerful tool for metabolic analysis, but requires optimized implementation for cardiac applications.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate and optimize a ³¹P MRS setup for determining the metabolic composition of mouse myocardium in vivo.
To evaluate different spectroscopy sequences for their signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and spatial selectivity in cardiac imaging.

Main Methods:

Coil properties were assessed, and spectroscopy sequences (including free induction decay (FID) and image-selected in vivo spectroscopy (ISIS)) were compared using metabolite phantoms (adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and phosphocreatine (PCr)).
Outer volume suppression (OVS) was employed to enhance signal localization and reduce contamination from surrounding tissues.
The optimized setup was demonstrated in beating mouse hearts before and after induced myocardial infarction.

Main Results:

The FID sequence combined with OVS demonstrated the highest SNR and achieved approximately 84% suppression of adjacent metabolites.
In vivo studies in mouse hearts showed a decrease in the phosphocreatine (PCr) to adenosine triphosphate (ATP(γ)) ratio from 2.5 pre-infarction to 1.74 one week post-infarction.
FID with OVS provided a balance between localization accuracy and acquisition efficiency, allowing measurements within approximately 6.5 minutes.

Conclusions:

FID with OVS is the preferred method for in vivo ³¹P MRS of the beating mouse heart, offering superior SNR and efficiency compared to ISIS.
The optimized ³¹P MRS technique successfully revealed metabolic alterations in the myocardium following myocardial infarction.
This approach facilitates clear detection of changes in the PCr/ATP ratio, crucial for understanding cardiac metabolic remodeling.