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Aerobic Exercise Mitigates Perimenopausal Dysfunction and Is Associated With Gut Microbiota Remodeling and
Hongru Qin1, Jiajia You2, Jitong Zhou3
1The First School of Medicine, School of Information and Engineering, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
Summary
Aerobic exercise (AE) helps restore systemic balance during perimenopause by improving metabolic, immune, and reproductive health. This intervention also reshapes the gut microbiota, highlighting a coordinated network for midlife female well-being.
Area of Science:
- Reproductive biology
- Metabolic health
- Neuroendocrinology
Background:
- Perimenopause involves metabolic disruption, inflammation, oxidative stress, bone loss, reproductive decline, and anxiety.
- Zebrafish models offer a valuable platform for studying complex physiological transitions like perimenopause.
Purpose of the Study:
- To establish a letrozole-induced perimenopausal zebrafish model.
- To evaluate the effects of aerobic exercise (AE) on systemic homeostasis and gut microbiota in this model.
- To investigate the coordinated network of gut-brain-bone-ovary axis changes.
Main Methods:
- Letrozole administration to induce perimenopause in zebrafish.
- Aerobic exercise intervention.
- Metabolic, immune, neurochemical, skeletal, and reproductive function assessments.
- 16S rRNA sequencing for gut microbiota analysis.
- Correlation analyses between microbial shifts and physiological restoration.
Main Results:
- AE normalized estradiol, improved lipid and redox profiles, and balanced metabolic-immune markers (reduced pro-inflammatory cytokines, increased IL-10).
- AE alleviated anxiety-like behavior, reduced cortisol, and restored monoamine turnover.
- AE enhanced bone mineralization, improved reproductive function markers (increased ALP, decreased TRAP, reduced oocyte apoptosis).
- AE reshaped gut microbiota, enriching specific phyla and genera, and these shifts correlated with systemic improvements.
Conclusions:
- Aerobic exercise acts as a system-level intervention for perimenopausal dysfunction.
- AE promotes gut microbiota remodeling and coordinated multi-organ network restoration.
- Findings provide a framework for future combinatorial strategies to support female midlife health.
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