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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Optoelectronics
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Solid-state triplet-triplet annihilation (TTA) upconversion is promising for light harvesting and bioimaging.
  • High optical power requirements currently limit TTA upconversion efficiency.
  • 2D transition-metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) show potential as sensitizers but suffer from low absorption.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate plasmon-enhanced near-infrared (NIR)-to-blue TTA upconversion in a monolayer WSe2/organic heterojunction.
  • To investigate the role of plasmon excitation in overcoming low far-field absorption of 2D TMDs.
  • To optimize device performance through material transfer process improvements.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of a monolayer WSe2/organic heterojunction.
  • Utilizing surface plasmon polariton (SPP) excitation for enhanced light absorption.
  • Characterizing upconversion efficiency, threshold power, and external quantum efficiency (EQE).

Main Results:

  • Achieved NIR-to-blue TTA upconversion with a threshold of 19 mW/cm2 and EQE of 0.17% under far-field excitation.
  • Plasmon excitation reduced the threshold to 0.9 mW/cm2 and increased EQE to 3.6%.
  • Attributed enhancement to SPP near-field effects and dark-exciton absorption, with WSe2 transfer optimization being crucial.

Conclusions:

  • Plasmon excitation significantly enhances TTA upconversion in monolayer TMDs, overcoming their inherent low absorption.
  • This approach enables high-performance solid-state upconversion, comparable to the best reported results.
  • Demonstrated potential for advanced optoelectronic devices and light-harvesting applications.