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Related Concept Videos

Fiber Reinforced Concrete01:22

Fiber Reinforced Concrete

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Fiber-reinforced concrete significantly enhances the structural and nonstructural properties of traditional concrete by incorporating fibers like steel, glass, and polymers. These fibers, varying from natural ones such as sisal and cellulose to manufactured ones like polypropylene and Kevlar, are mixed into hydraulic cement with aggregates. Steel fibers, often preferred for their robustness, contribute to improved ductility, toughness, and post-cracking performance. The concrete is classified...
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Unsymmetric Bending01:18

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Unsymmetrical bending occurs when the bending moment applied to a structural member does not align with its principal axis. This misalignment leads to complex stress distributions and deflection patterns that differ from those in symmetrical bending, and are essential for designing structures to withstand different loading conditions. In unsymmetrical bending, the neutral axis—where stress is zero—does not necessarily align with the geometric axes of the cross-section. The...
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A coaxial cable consists of a central copper conductor used for transmitting signals, followed by an insulator shield, a metallic braided mesh that prevents signal interference, and a plastic layer that encases the entire assembly.
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Unsymmetric Bending - Angle of Neutral Axis01:15

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Unsymmetrical bending occurs when a structural member is subjected to bending moments in a plane that does not align with the member's principal axes. This scenario typically arises in beams and other structural components when loads are applied at non-ideal angles, introducing complexities in stress analysis.
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Residual Stresses in Bending01:18

Residual Stresses in Bending

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In the study of elastoplastic members subjected to bending moments, understanding the loading and unloading phases is crucial for assessing material behavior and structural integrity. During the loading phase, as the bending moment increases, the material initially responds elastically, adhering to Hooke's Law, where stress is directly proportional to strain. When the load exceeds the yield strength, plastic deformation occurs, resulting in permanent strain and deformation that remains even...
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Flexible cables are commonly used in various applications for support and load transmission. Consider a cable fixed at two points and subjected to multiple vertically concentrated loads. Determine the shape of the cable and the tension in each portion of the cable, given the horizontal distances between the loads and supports.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 19, 2026

Writing Bragg Gratings in Multicore Fibers
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Ultra-low-bending-loss trench-assisted ring-core fiber.

M Gowri, Thomas Joseph

    Applied Optics
    |March 17, 2026
    PubMed
    Summary

    New trench-assisted-ring core fibers (TA-RCF) offer ultra-low macro-bending losses (Ma-BL) for telecom applications. These bend-insensitive fibers reduce attenuation in long-haul networks.

    Area of Science:

    • Optical Fiber Communications
    • Materials Science

    Background:

    • Long-haul telecommunications require optical fibers with minimal attenuation.
    • Macro-bending losses (Ma-BL) significantly increase fiber attenuation, especially in compact deployments.
    • Existing fiber designs struggle to meet the demand for bend-insensitivity.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To propose and analyze novel trench-assisted-ring core fiber (TA-RCF) structures.
    • To achieve ultra-low Ma-BL for 2-LP and 3-LP mode fibers.
    • To reduce complexity in digital signal processing (DSP) at the receiver.

    Main Methods:

    • Designed and compared standard and trench-assisted 2-LP and 3-LP ring core fiber (RCF) structures.
    • Utilized COMSOL Multiphysics software, based on the finite element method, for modal property analysis.

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  • Optimized trench distances to minimize Ma-BL.

    • Main Results:

    • Achieved extremely low Ma-BL at a 15 mm bend diameter for both 2-LP and 3-LP TA-RCF.
    • Identified optimal trench distances for 2-LP (26.5-31.5 µm) and 3-LP (17.5-22.5 µm) TA-RCF.
    • Demonstrated effective refractive index variation within (1-2.3)×10⁻³ for low mode coupling.

    Conclusions:

    • TA-RCF designs effectively suppress Ma-BL, crucial for long-haul telecom.
    • The proposed fibers support single radial order modes per mode group, simplifying receiver-side DSP.
    • These advanced fiber structures pave the way for more robust and efficient optical networks.