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Area of Science:

  • Health Literacy
  • Medical Decision Making
  • Patient Education

Background:

  • Numeracy, or understanding numerical concepts, is vital for health literacy.
  • Innumeracy can hinder patients' ability to interpret medical information accurately.
  • Effective patient education strategies require addressing numerical comprehension.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess rates of innumeracy among patients.
  • To examine the association between innumeracy and demographic factors.
  • To inform the development of improved patient education strategies in plastic surgery.

Main Methods:

  • A survey was administered via Amazon Mechanical Turk to 578 participants.
  • Participants evaluated the perceived safety of breast augmentation using fictional statistics presented in various formats (percentages, fractions, charts, pictograms).
  • Willingness to consider a novel implant was assessed using odds ratios, absolute risk, and risk ratios.

Main Results:

  • Surgical safety perception varied significantly based on data presentation format and framing.
  • Positively framed statistics and visual formats (pie charts, pictograms) led to higher perceived safety ratings.
  • Only 26% of participants consistently interpreted complication rates across formats, and 5.4% correctly identified the safest implant. Higher income and postgraduate education correlated with better numeracy.
  • Bar graphs were particularly challenging for interpreting odds ratios.

Conclusions:

  • Current healthcare data presentation methods can lead to significant misinterpretation.
  • Plastic surgeons must actively address patient innumeracy during consultations.
  • Enhancing numeracy strategies is essential for improving patient understanding and decision-making in plastic surgery.