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Rolled amniotic membrane for practical vascular graft development: a scoping review
Ahmad Hafiz Murtadha1, Nur Najmi Mohamad Anuar2,3, Mohamad Fikeri Ishak1
1Department of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 56000, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Human Cell
|March 17, 2026
Summary
Decellularised human amniotic membrane (dHAM) shows promise as a small-diameter vascular graft alternative. Preclinical studies demonstrate long-term patency and reduced complications compared to synthetic grafts.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Science
- Regenerative Medicine
- Vascular Surgery
Background:
- Small-diameter vascular grafts face challenges like thrombosis and poor patency.
- Synthetic grafts have limitations, necessitating novel alternatives.
- Decellularised human amniotic membrane (dHAM) presents a promising biomaterial due to its natural extracellular matrix and low immunogenicity.
Purpose of the Study:
- To conduct a scoping review assessing the feasibility of using rolled dHAM as a tubular vascular graft.
- To evaluate the fabrication, performance, and preclinical outcomes of dHAM-based vascular grafts.
Main Methods:
- Systematic literature search across major databases (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, EBSCOhost).
- Analysis of eight selected studies detailing dHAM fabrication, in vitro testing, and in vivo preclinical evaluations.
- Comparison of dHAM grafts with expanded polytetrafluoroethylene in a porcine model.
Main Results:
- dHAM can be fabricated into multilayered tubular constructs with tunable dimensions.
- Decellularisation preserves extracellular matrix integrity, yielding good biocompatibility and mechanical properties.
- Preclinical studies show long-term patency (up to 16 months) with minimal adverse events; dHAM outperformed ePTFE in a porcine model by reducing neointimal hyperplasia and promoting endothelialization.
Conclusions:
- dHAM is a viable candidate for small-diameter vascular grafts, offering tunable mechanical properties, regenerative potential, and accessibility.
- Further research is needed to optimize rolling-based fabrication strategies and assess clinical translatability.
- The review highlights dHAM's potential to overcome limitations of current synthetic vascular grafts.
