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High-Intensity Interval Training: Safe and Beneficial Physical Activity Strategy in Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes
Julio Soto1,2, Katherine Rozas3,4, Alba León5
1Las Higueras Hospital, Talcahuano, Chile, soto.jb@gmail.com.
Hormone Research in Paediatrics
|March 17, 2026
Summary
High-intensity interval training (HIIT) in adolescents with type 1 diabetes (T1D) improved physical fitness and body composition without impacting glycemic control. This safe exercise regimen also reduced barriers to physical activity in this population.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Endocrinology
- Sports Medicine
- Metabolic Disorders
Background:
- Adolescents and young adults with type 1 diabetes (T1D) often face cardiovascular risks and depressive symptoms.
- Exercise benefits cardiovascular health and metabolic control in T1D, but its mental health effects are unclear.
- Home-based High-Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) has shown promise in adults with T1D, yet evidence in children is limited.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the metabolic effects of HIIT in adolescents with T1D, including time in range, glycemic variability, HbA1c, lipid profile, blood pressure, and body composition.
- To assess secondary outcomes such as aerobic capacity, strength endurance, depressive symptoms, and physical activity barriers.
- To determine the safety and efficacy of HIIT as a physical activity intervention for adolescents with T1D.
Main Methods:
- A prospective, longitudinal, multicenter study included adolescents (12-19 years) with T1D diagnosed for at least one year.
- Participants had HbA1c between 7-11.5% and a total daily insulin dose ≥0.7 units/kg/day.
- Outcomes were measured at baseline, and at 1, 3, and 6 months post-intervention.
Main Results:
- HIIT improved maximal oxygen consumption and body composition (increased lean mass, decreased fat mass) in adolescents with T1D.
- No significant changes in HbA1c or time in range were observed, with mean blood glucose declining during sessions without increased hypoglycemia.
- Barriers to physical activity, such as lack of motivation and weather concerns, were reduced post-intervention.
Conclusions:
- HIIT is a safe and effective exercise regimen for adolescents with T1D, enhancing physical fitness and body composition.
- The intervention improved aerobic capacity and altered body composition without negatively affecting glycemic control.
- HIIT can serve as a viable strategy to encourage physical activity and improve overall health in adolescents with T1D.
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