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Exploring pharmacy professionals insights for advancing the pharmacy curriculum: A qualitative study
Muhammad Usman Khan1, Muhammad Abubakar2, Emmama Jamil3
1Department of Pharmacy, Iqra University H-9 Campus, Islamabad, Pakistan.
Objective:
To explore the gaps, needs, and priorities in the pharmacy curriculum of Pakistan and synthesize pharmacy professionals' perspectives to develop evidence-based recommendations for curriculum updating.
Methods:
A qualitative study conducting semi-structured face-to-face interviews with 23 registered pharmacy professionals in Pakistan, consisting of academicians, hospital and clinical pharmacists, regulatory authorities, and industrial pharmacists, was carried out from November 2024 to March 2025. The interviews were inductively coded and analyzed to generate themes and report on persistent trends with emerging patterns.
Results:
From the responses, five core themes and fourteen subthemes were developed. Interviewees identified gaps between theoretical teaching and practical application, noted the absence of contemporary topics (pharmacovigilance, pharmacogenomics, artificial intelligence, and data analytics), and emphasized the need to revise and modernize the curriculum with compulsory and structured internships or residencies, early clinical clerkships and specialization tracks. Response patterns also revealed the need for faculty to prioritize and focus curriculum development around dynamic, multidisciplinary, and case-based paradigms.
Conclusion:
Urgent and continuous pharmacy curriculum reform is needed in Pakistan. Realigning the curriculum toward a competency-based, practically focused, and globally standardized approach is crucial for preparing pharmacists for advanced clinical, analytical, and leadership roles in modern healthcare settings.
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