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Updated: Mar 19, 2026

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Optimizing Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery: A Fully 3D CT O-Arm Navigated Workflow in MIS TLIF
Published on: October 17, 2025
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Minimally invasive spine surgery: current advantages, limitations, and future directions
Weonmin Cho1, Soo-Bin Lee1, Seong Ho Oh1,2
1Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Catholic Kwandong University International St. Mary's Hospital, Incheon, Korea.
Asian Spine Journal
|March 17, 2026
Summary
Minimally invasive spine surgery (MISS) offers reduced blood loss and faster recovery but faces challenges like limited visualization and high costs. Future advancements aim to improve precision and efficiency through technology integration.
Area of Science:
- Neurosurgery
- Orthopedic Surgery
- Spinal Surgery
Background:
- Minimally invasive spine surgery (MISS) utilizes advanced technologies to manage spinal disorders.
- It aims to reduce tissue damage compared to open techniques while achieving similar outcomes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the current state and future directions of minimally invasive spine surgery.
- To highlight the benefits, limitations, and technological advancements in MISS.
Main Methods:
- Review of current literature on minimally invasive spine surgery techniques and outcomes.
- Analysis of technological advancements including endoscopic systems, navigation, and robotics.
- Discussion of limitations, risks, and future development needs.
Main Results:
- MISS demonstrates reduced blood loss, shorter hospital stays, and faster recovery.
- Challenges include restricted visualization, complex learning curves, and procedure-specific risks.
- Navigation and robotics improve accuracy but face cost and integration barriers.
Conclusions:
- MISS offers significant advantages but requires further technological refinement and standardized training.
- Future developments, including AI integration, will enhance precision and efficiency in MISS.
- Addressing cost and workflow challenges is crucial for wider adoption.

