Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 19, 2026

Multiplex Therapeutic Drug Monitoring by Isotope-dilution HPLC-MS/MS of Antibiotics in Critical Illnesses
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Published on: August 30, 2018

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Challenges for the implementation of an outpatient parenteral antimicrobial therapy clinic system in Mexico

Laura Nuzzolo-Shihadeh1, Adrián Camacho-Ortiz1

  • 1Centro de Infusión de Antimicrobianos y Tratamiento de Enfermedades infecciosas (CIATI), Department of Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Dr. José Eleuterio González, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey, México.

IJID Regions
|March 18, 2026
PubMed

Insights

Outpatient parenteral antimicrobial therapy (OPAT) is feasible and accepted in Mexico, despite limited resources. Challenges in Latin America include infrastructure and funding, requiring policy advocacy for sustainable OPAT programs.

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Health Services Research
  • Global Health

Background:

  • Outpatient parenteral antimicrobial therapy (OPAT) offers benefits like reduced hospital stays and costs.
  • OPAT services are globally established but scarce in Mexico, with most treatments occurring informally.
  • Existing informal treatments lack standardized protocols and trained staff.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To discuss the challenges and potential solutions for establishing OPAT services in Mexico and similar healthcare settings.
  • To highlight the feasibility and acceptance of OPAT in resource-limited environments.
  • To advocate for policies and evidence supporting OPAT program sustainability.

Main Methods:

  • Review of institutional experience with OPAT in Mexico.
  • Analysis of barriers to OPAT implementation in Latin America.
  • Discussion of strategies for enhancing OPAT sustainability and access.

Main Results:

  • OPAT is demonstrated to be feasible and well-accepted, even among patients with limited financial and social resources.
  • Significant barriers to OPAT implementation in Latin America include infrastructure, funding, and workforce limitations.
  • Caregiver education and access to clinical services, laboratory monitoring, and physician follow-up are crucial for successful OPAT.

Conclusions:

  • Establishing sustainable OPAT programs in Mexico and Latin America requires addressing infrastructure, funding, and workforce challenges.
  • Advocacy for supportive policies and demonstrating cost-effectiveness are critical for long-term OPAT program viability.
  • Integrated strategies involving caregiver education and comprehensive clinical support are essential for enhancing OPAT access and sustainability.
Keywords:
Antimicrobial stewardshipHealth systemsInfectious diseasesLatin AmericaMexicoOutpatient parenteral antimicrobial therapy (OPAT)

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