Related Experiment Video
Updated: Mar 19, 2026

A Tuberculosis Molecular Bacterial Load Assay TB-MBLA
Published on: April 30, 2020
Enhancing TB case detection: a case study of Kenya's Global Fund-supported public-private mix
R Pola1, L N Mugambi-Nyaboga2, N Mwirigi3
1Public Health and Research Unit, Respiratory Society of Kenya, Nairobi, Kenya.
Background:
Kenya, a high-TB-burden country, is among eight WHO-priority countries for public-private mix (PPM) initiatives to engage all health care providers in TB prevention and care.
Objective:
To describe Kenya's experience implementing a Global Fund-supported PPM intervention and its contribution to TB case finding.
Design:
A descriptive case study using programmatic data from a Global Fund-supported PPM project implemented in nine counties in Kenya.
Results:
Of 2,027 mapped facilities, 1,405 signed Memoranda of Understanding and 1,269 reported TB services. Of 4.3 million people screened, 260,922 (6%) were identified as presumptive TB, of whom 108,723 (42%) were investigated. Overall, 14,026 individuals were diagnosed with TB (64% bacteriologically confirmed), and 99% initiated on treatment. Level II facilities contributed 45% of notifications (7 per facility), while Level V facilities (only 4) reported the highest average yield (130 per facility). All counties recorded increased TB notifications during implementation, followed by a decline in Quarter 3, 2024.
Conclusion:
Engaging private sector providers significantly enhanced TB case detection. Kenya's PPM experience highlights the engagement choices that need to be made among levels of the health care system for scaling and sustaining PPM models in resource-constrained settings.
Related Concept Videos
Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV
Several diagnostic approaches are used to detect TB. The conventional method is the Tuberculin Skin Test (TST), also known as the Mantoux test. However, this method has...
Pulmonary Tuberculosis V
Latent tuberculosis infection occurs when TB bacteria are present in a person's body, but are not causing illness or symptoms. It is not contagious, and preventive treatment is crucial to avoid the...
Pulmonary Tuberculosis I
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...
Pulmonary Tuberculosis II
Here is a detailed explanation of its pathophysiology:
Transmission: The process begins when a person inhales droplet nuclei containing M. tuberculosis. These are typically released into the air when an individual with pulmonary or...
Pulmonary Tuberculosis III
The first classification is based on the development of the disease, and it includes the following categories:
Principles of Disease Surveillance

