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Recent research advances in the biological function and molecular mechanism of methylmalonic acid

Zi'ang Wang1, Wenhui Cheng1, Teng Wang1

  • 1Laboratory of Animal Fat Deposition and Muscle Development, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.

Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B
|March 18, 2026
PubMed

Insights

Methylmalonic acid (MMA) accumulation causes severe organ damage and is linked to cancer and developmental issues. This review explores MMA

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Metabolic Disorders
  • Pathophysiology

Background:

  • Methylmalonic acid (MMA) accumulation is the primary cause of methylmalonic acidemia.
  • MMA buildup can lead to irreversible damage in the brain, kidneys, and cardiovascular system.
  • Emerging research links MMA blood levels to cancer, restricted movement, and growth retardation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent studies on the link between MMA metabolic abnormalities and disease.
  • To explore the impact of MMA on the brain, kidneys, cardiovascular system, cancer development, and skeletal muscles.
  • To provide a foundation for future research and treatment of MMA-related conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent scientific studies.
  • Synthesis of findings on MMA metabolism and disease association.
  • Categorization of effects based on affected organ systems and conditions.

Main Results:

  • Abnormal MMA accumulation significantly impacts multiple organ systems.
  • Established links between MMA and neurological, renal, and cardiovascular pathologies.
  • New associations found between MMA and oncogenesis, impaired motility, and stunted growth.

Conclusions:

  • MMA metabolic dysfunction is a critical factor in various diseases.
  • Understanding MMA's role is vital for developing targeted therapies.
  • Further research is warranted to elucidate MMA's full pathophysiological impact.
Keywords:
Methylmalonic acid (MMA)Mitochondrial dysfunctionMuscle atrophyOxidative stressPost-translational modification of protein

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