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Updated: Mar 19, 2026

Flash Infrared Annealing for Perovskite Solar Cell Processing

Flash Infrared Annealing for Perovskite Solar Cell Processing

Published on: February 3, 2021

Realizing High-Performance Vacuum-Deposited Inverted α-FAPbI₃ Perovskite Solar Cells through Saturated-Humidity

Yun-Sheng Jheng¹, Cheng-Yueh Chen¹, Pei-En Jan¹

¹Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan.

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces

|March 18, 2026

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Developing efficient perovskite solar cells (PSCs) is simplified by annealing in humid environments. This method yields high-quality, phase-pure perovskite films, improving device performance and reducing fabrication complexity.

Keywords:

FAPbI3 environmental light harvesting perovskite solar cells saturated-humidity vacuum deposition

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Area of Science:

Materials Science
Renewable Energy
Photovoltaics

Background:

High-efficiency perovskite solar cells (PSCs) usually require demanding annealing conditions like low humidity or inert atmospheres.
These stringent requirements increase PSC fabrication complexity and cost.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a simplified annealing strategy for high-quality, phase-pure α-FAPbI₃ perovskite films.
To enable perovskite solar cell fabrication in ambient or humid environments.

Main Methods:

Coevaporation of FAPbI₃ perovskite active layers.
Annealing in a saturated-humid environment.
Fabrication and characterization of vacuum-deposited inverted PSCs.

Main Results:

Annealing in a saturated-humid environment yielded pure α-phase FAPbI₃ films.
Achieved a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 21.3% in inverted PSCs.
Demonstrated excellent indoor light-harvesting performance with PCEs of 34.9% and 36.7% under fluorescent lighting.

Conclusions:

Humid environment annealing is a viable strategy for producing high-quality perovskite films.
This method simplifies PSC fabrication and enhances device performance.
The developed PSCs show potential for indoor energy harvesting applications.