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Zhifan Wang1, Jingkai Bi2, Jiayuan Zhang3

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Journal of the American Chemical Society
|March 18, 2026
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Researchers synthesized bulk lanthanum oxychalcogenide (LaO) and discovered intrinsic superconductivity. Applying pressure significantly boosted its critical temperature (TC) to 12.7 K, surpassing other lanthanum monochalcogenides.

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Materials Science
  • Superconductivity Research

Background:

  • Lanthanum-based compounds are crucial in superconductivity research, but the role of La 5d orbitals has been unclear.
  • Previous studies on LaO superconductivity were limited by synthesis challenges and conflicting reports on its ground state.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize pure bulk rock-salt LaO under high-pressure and high-temperature conditions.
  • To investigate the intrinsic superconductivity of bulk LaO and its pressure dependence.
  • To elucidate the mechanism behind the observed superconductivity.

Main Methods:

  • High-pressure and high-temperature synthesis of bulk LaO.
  • Experimental measurement of superconducting transition temperature (TC) under varying pressures.
  • Yttrium doping to tune lattice parameters and carrier concentration.
  • First-principles calculations to analyze electronic structure and bonding.

Main Results:

  • Successfully synthesized pure bulk rock-salt LaO exhibiting intrinsic type-II superconductivity with TC ~6 K.
  • Enhanced TC to 6.9 K in La1-xYxO (x=0.10) via lattice contraction and increased carrier concentration.
  • Achieved a maximum TC of 12.7 K at 20 GPa, the highest for lanthanum monochalcogenides.
  • Observed a pressure dependence of TC contrary to thin-film behavior and BCS theory predictions.
  • Calculations revealed enhanced La 5d/O 2p hybridization and a favorable Fermi surface under compressive strain.

Conclusions:

  • Clarified the intrinsic superconductivity of bulk LaO, establishing its potential as a high-TC material.
  • Demonstrated that pressure and doping can significantly enhance superconductivity in LaO.
  • Proposed a novel spin/orbital fluctuation-mediated pairing mechanism, challenging conventional phonon-mediated BCS theory for this system.