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Utilization of enzymes for improving fried flour products: Recent advances, applications, and regulations
Zihao Tu1, David Julian McClements2, Guifang Huang1
1School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, China; State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, China.
Abstract:
Fried flour products are widely consumed because of their desirable sensory attributes, but their relatively high fat content is a health concern. Consequently, there is a need to balance the sensory attributes of fried foods with their nutritional profiles. Enzyme treatments, featuring mild reaction conditions, high substrate specificity and good safety, are proven effective for this goal. This review summarizes recent advances in applying food-grade enzymes to improve the quality and nutritional profiles of fried flour products, elaborating on their action mechanisms, functional effects and quality-improving roles. It also discusses key factors affecting enzymatic modification efficacy, including impacts on endogenous and exogenous dough components. Additionally, it expounds on how enzyme treatments reduce product fat content by modifying frying oil and dough properties, and finally explores the potential industrial applications of such enzymatic treatments.
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