Related Experiment Video
Updated: Mar 20, 2026
11:32
Following in Real Time the Impact of Pneumococcal Virulence Factors in an Acute Mouse Pneumonia Model Using Bioluminescent Bacteria
Published on: February 23, 2014
15.7K
Risk of Noncommunicable Diseases After Hospitalization for Community-Acquired Pneumonia
Julio Ramirez1,2, Stephen Furmanek1, Thomas Chandler1
1Norton Infectious Disease Institute, Norton Healthcare, Louisville, Kentucky, USA.
Open Forum Infectious Diseases
|March 19, 2026
Summary
Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) hospitalization increases the risk of developing new noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) over five years. This study highlights CAP as a potential trigger for long-term health issues and multimorbidity.
Area of Science:
- Pulmonology
- Epidemiology
- Public Health
Background:
- Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is a major cause of hospitalization and mortality.
- Emerging evidence links CAP to long-term morbidity via noncommunicable diseases (NCDs).
- This study investigates the risk of new NCDs after CAP hospitalization.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the risk of developing new noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) following hospitalization for community-acquired pneumonia (CAP).
Main Methods:
- Retrospective matched cohort study using the Epic Cosmos database (2015-2016) with 5-year follow-up.
- Adult CAP patients were matched 1:3 with non-CAP controls by age, sex, and race.
- NCDs identified via ICD-10 codes; analyses stratified by NCD category to assess risks in previously unaffected individuals.
Main Results:
- CAP hospitalization significantly increased the risk of new NCDs over 5 years compared to controls.
- Pulmonary diseases presented the greatest absolute burden (NNH=14).
- An estimated 146,542 excess NCDs nationally were attributable to CAP annually, primarily pulmonary, cardiovascular, and renal.
Conclusions:
- Hospitalization for CAP is linked to a significant and lasting rise in the risk of new NCDs.
- CAP may act as an acute trigger for long-term multimorbidity.
- Findings underscore the importance of post-discharge care for CAP patients to mitigate NCD development.
More Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
01:30Pneumonia I: Introduction
1.2K
Pneumonia is an acute respiratory infection that targets the lungs, specifically the alveoli. These tiny air sacs, essential for oxygen exchange, become engorged with pus and fluid, severely hindering breathing, decreasing oxygen absorption, and causing significant pain and discomfort during respiration.
Risk Factors
Various factors influence the likelihood of developing pneumonia. Age plays a crucial role, with infants, children under two, and individuals over 65 at increased risk due to their...
Risk Factors
Various factors influence the likelihood of developing pneumonia. Age plays a crucial role, with infants, children under two, and individuals over 65 at increased risk due to their...
1.2K
01:30Pneumonia V: Nursing management and Prevention
3.9K
Nursing management of pneumonia involves promoting airway patency, facilitating rest and conserving energy, encouraging fluid intake, maintaining nutrition, and educating patients.
The nurse must practice strict medical asepsis and adhere to infection control guidelines to minimize healthcare-associated infections.
Enhance airway patency
Position the patient correctly to facilitate drainage of the affected lung segments. Manual or mechanical percussion and vibration can also be employed....
The nurse must practice strict medical asepsis and adhere to infection control guidelines to minimize healthcare-associated infections.
Enhance airway patency
Position the patient correctly to facilitate drainage of the affected lung segments. Manual or mechanical percussion and vibration can also be employed....
3.9K
01:30Pneumonia III: Complications and Assessment
1.1K
Pneumonia poses the potential for numerous complications that warrant consideration. These complications include the following:
1.1K
01:28Pneumonia IV: Management
1.0K
The treatment of pneumonia varies based on its severity and the causative pathogen. Here is a structured approach to managing pneumonia, integrating pharmaceutical and supportive care strategies.
Bacterial Pneumonia Treatment
For bacterial pneumonia, antibiotics serve as the cornerstone of therapy. Initial treatment often begins with empirical antibiotics, tailored to the anticipated causative organism and adjusted based on culture results. Key antibiotic choices include:
Bacterial Pneumonia Treatment
For bacterial pneumonia, antibiotics serve as the cornerstone of therapy. Initial treatment often begins with empirical antibiotics, tailored to the anticipated causative organism and adjusted based on culture results. Key antibiotic choices include:
1.0K
01:25Transmission-based Precautions II: Airborne and Protective Environment
2.1K
Transmission-based precautions are for patients infected or suspected to be infected (or colonized) with organisms posing a significant risk to others. The transmission precautions include airborne and protective environment precautions.
Airborne precautions:
Use airborne precautions when treating patients known or suspected to have diseases that spread through the air—for example, tuberculosis or measles. These organisms are present in smaller droplets expelled by an infected person and...
Airborne precautions:
Use airborne precautions when treating patients known or suspected to have diseases that spread through the air—for example, tuberculosis or measles. These organisms are present in smaller droplets expelled by an infected person and...
2.1K
01:22Healthcare Associated Infections II: Preventive Measures
4.8K
Essential infection prevention measures are based on the knowledge of the infection chain, the modes of transmission in healthcare settings, and the use of the best practices in all healthcare settings. Compulsory public reporting of healthcare-associated infection rates is needed to allow individuals and the community to make informed choices regarding selecting a healthcare facility.
The best practices for preventing healthcare-associated infections include hand hygiene, patient risk...
The best practices for preventing healthcare-associated infections include hand hygiene, patient risk...
4.8K