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Spatially Extended Interfacial Optimization via Holey-Defect Architectures for Hydrogen Evolution Reaction.

Chengang Pei1, Jaekyum Kim2, Dong Zhang2

  • 1School of Chemistry and Materials, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, P. R. China.

Small (Weinheim an Der Bergstrasse, Germany)
|March 19, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Introducing holey defects in rhenium disulfide (ReS2) supports enhances platinum (Pt) catalyst performance for the hydrogen evolution reaction. This defect engineering optimizes the catalyst interface, significantly boosting efficiency and reducing noble metal use in water electrolysis.

Keywords:
electrochemistryelectron transferholey defectmetal‐support interactionsupported metal catalyst

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Catalysis

Background:

  • Supported metal catalysts are key for high-performance water electrolysis, but optimizing the catalyst-support interface is critical for activity.
  • Minimizing noble-metal usage, particularly platinum, is a major goal in developing cost-effective electrocatalysts.
  • Rhenium disulfide (ReS2) is a promising support material, but its pristine form shows limitations in catalyst dispersion and activity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To engineer catalyst interfaces using holey defects in ReS2 for improved hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) efficiency.
  • To investigate the synergistic effects of holey defects on platinum nanocluster dispersion, electronic properties, and catalytic activity.
  • To establish holey-defect engineering as a viable strategy for advanced catalyst design in energy conversion.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of platinum nanoclusters on holey ReS2 (Pt-hReS2) supports.
  • Characterization techniques to analyze catalyst morphology, dispersion, and interfacial properties.
  • Electrochemical measurements (overpotential, current density) and density functional theory (DFT) calculations to elucidate reaction mechanisms.

Main Results:

  • Holey defects promoted uniform Pt dispersion on ReS2, unlike edge-confined deposition on pristine ReS2.
  • The engineered interface exhibited enriched electron density, stabilized Pt-S bonds, and optimized adsorption energies.
  • Pt-hReS2 demonstrated significantly lower overpotential (12 mV at 10 mA cm-2) compared to commercial Pt/C, with improved stability in an anion-exchange membrane water electrolyzer.

Conclusions:

  • Holey-defect engineering is a powerful strategy for optimizing catalyst-support interfaces, leading to highly active and efficient HER electrocatalysts.
  • The synergistic effects at the Pt-hReS2 interface shift the rate-determining step from water dissociation to desorption, enhancing overall performance.
  • This approach offers a pathway for rational catalyst design, enabling reduced noble-metal loading for efficient water electrolysis.