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Changing Gender Relations in Canada: The Rise of Gender-Neutral Forenames.

Neil Guppy¹, Kamila Kolpashnikova²

¹Department of Sociology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.

Canadian Review of Sociology = Revue Canadienne De Sociologie

|March 19, 2026

Summary

Gender-neutral first names are rising in Canada, with a notable increase starting around 1990. This trend reflects broader societal shifts in gender relations and naming diversity.

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Area of Science:

Sociolinguistics
Canadian Social History
Onomastics

Background:

Gender-neutral androgynous first names have historically been rare in Canada.
Previous trends showed little significant upward or downward movement in their prevalence.

Purpose of the Study:

To analyze the temporal trends of gender-neutral forenames in Canada.
To investigate the factors contributing to any observed changes in name prevalence.

Main Methods:

Utilized digitized birth registration records from Alberta, British Columbia, and Ontario.
Analyzed national Canadian birth registration data.
Employed various measures to assess the proportional representation of androgynous names.

Main Results:

A significant rise in the proportional representation of gender-neutral forenames was observed, beginning around 1990.
Analyses across different provinces and national data yielded consistent results, indicating an unprecedented temporal increase.
Examples of rising gender-neutral names include Avery, Charlie, and Riley.

Conclusions:

The recent acceleration in gender-neutral names is linked to evolving gender relations in Canada.
Factors contributing to this rise include the weakening of gender as a status characteristic and increased naming diversity.
A historical decline in gender contamination effects on naming practices also plays a role.