3D Planning and Patient-specific Instrumentation are Empowering Technologies in Pediatric Limb Reconstruction

Three dimensional (3D) surgical planning and patient-specific instrumentation (PSI) are transforming pediatric orthopedic surgery by directly enabling visualization and precise correction of complex limb deformities, among other indications. This article reviews the current applications, outcomes, workflow, and regulatory context for 3D technology in pediatric orthopedics. We also present a case demonstrating successful ankle reconstruction using 3D-printed PSI in a child with severe tibial deformity. With growing evidence and implementation, 3D planning is already becoming integral to pediatric limb reconstruction.