Multifunctional Flexible Sensor with Bionic Micro-Nano Hierarchical Structure for Dual-Mode Pressure and Temperature...

Flexible electronic devices have garnered significant attention for their promising applications in healthcare and electronic skin, particularly versatile multifunctional sensors with multi-modal and diverse sensing capabilities. However, these sensors often encounter challenges such as diminished sensing performance and difficulties in decoupling. Bioinspired by ants, spiders, mosquitoes, and lotus leaves, a bionic multifunctional (BMF) sensor is proposed in this study, featuring micro-nano hierarchical structure that offers exceptional hydrophobicity and enables simultaneous pressure and temperature sensing. The BMF sensor, constructed of MXene-coated melamine foam and carbon nanotubes/poly(vinylidene fluoride) nanofiber membrane, exhibits an ultra-high-pressure sensitivity (986.51 kPa^-1), wide detection range (0-200 kPa), fast response time (22 ms), and a temperature sensitivity of 9.891 µVK^-1. Based on the integrated sensor array of the multifunctional sensing film, the pressure-temperature distribution could be accurately identified. The excellent performance of the BMF sensor allowed it to successfully monitor different physiological signals in the human body. More importantly, an intelligent gesture recognition system for robotic hands based on noncontact human-machine interaction was developed by combining wireless transmission and deep learning. These results indicate that the prepared sensors have great application potential in the fields of healthcare, intelligent robots, human-machine interaction, and artificial intelligence.