Epidemiological Risk Factor Analysis for Maternal Mortality Associated with Eclampsia: A Single-Center Study from...

Area of Science:

• Obstetrics and Gynecology
• Maternal Health
• Clinical Medicine

Background:

• Maternal mortality remains a significant global health issue, especially in low- and middle-income countries.
• Eclampsia, a severe form of hypertensive disorder in pregnancy, contributes significantly to maternal and perinatal deaths.
• Limited evidence exists on maternal mortality risk factors in eclampsia from developing settings.

Purpose of the Study:

• To identify maternal mortality risk factors associated with eclampsia.
• To analyze patient characteristics, clinical presentation, and laboratory findings in eclampsia cases.
• To inform early detection, risk stratification, and clinical management strategies.

Main Methods:

• A retrospective observational study of 112 eclampsia patients from January 2022 to March 2024.
• Systematic extraction of demographic, clinical, and laboratory data from medical records.
• Statistical analysis including univariate, bivariate (Chi-square), and multivariate logistic regression to determine independent risk factors.

Main Results:

• The eclampsia case fatality rate was 20.54%.
• Significant associations between laboratory parameters and maternal mortality were observed.
• Severe proteinuria (OR=1.67), anemia (hematocrit <35%, OR=2.25), and HELLP syndrome (OR=2.82) were associated with increased maternal mortality risk.

Conclusions:

• Laboratory abnormalities are critical predictors of maternal mortality in eclampsia.
• Prompt identification and management of severe proteinuria, anemia, and HELLP syndrome are crucial.
• These interventions can help reduce adverse maternal outcomes in eclamptic patients.