[Post-COVID neurological sequelae, proposed mechanisms and therapeutic approaches]

Approximately 5 % of patients suffer from the sequelae of the COVID-19 pandemics, representing a considerable number of individuals, often young or middle-aged working adults (18-50 years). Among them, women are disproportionately affected. The most common neurological symptoms include persistent cognitive impairment, known as "brain fog", chronic fatigue syndrome, inflammation of the nervous system (motor or autonomous), anxiety and depression, all of which significantly reduce patients' quality of life. There is therefore an urgent societal need to identify appropriate treatments based on a clear understanding of the underlying pathological mechanisms. This review describes the state of the art in Long neuro-COVID, with an emphasis on neuroinflammation, alteration of neurotransmission, and immune, endothelial and microvascular dysfunctions.