Mapping the Landscape of PharmD Distance Education: A Comparative Study of United States Program Designs

This cross-sectional study sought to systematically analyze the varied instructional models and structures employed by PharmD distance education programs throughout the United States using publicly available information.

Pharmacy College Application Service and institutional websites were examined for available data on existing distance learning PharmD programs, including both online and satellite formats. Data were independently collected by at least 2 co-authors and examined for a variety of factors, including length, tuition, delivery type, schedule, technology, immersive experiences, and Introductory Pharmacy Practice Experience and Advanced Pharmacy Practice Experience structure at each location.

Fifteen online programs were identified as well as 12 programs with satellite remote locations. There was wide variation in academic models for online delivery, from synchronous to completely asynchronous models, and with a varied number of in-person days required, ranging from 2 to 12 weeks total. Introductory Pharmacy Practice Experience and Advanced Pharmacy Practice Experience location options also varied, with the majority of institutions requiring at least 1 rotation in the home area. Additionally, multiple dimensions of program-specific information were found to be unavailable or difficult to access on program websites.

This analysis suggests significant heterogeneity in PharmD distance education program designs across the United States, highlighting both innovative approaches and potential standardization opportunities. The findings also revealed critical information gaps that, if addressed, could significantly improve how prospective students discover and access program details. The combination of accessible information and thoughtful program design will be crucial as the field continues to adapt to future educational demands.