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Drugs for Treatment of Ulcerative Colitis in IBD

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Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory condition primarily affecting the colon and rectum. The primary drugs used in the treatment of ulcerative colitis are aminosalicylates. They exhibit anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive properties. They modulate inflammatory mediators and inhibit the activity of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB). Aminosalicylates also reduce inflammation by inhibiting prostaglandin and leukotriene production and decreasing neutrophil chemotaxis and superoxide...
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Upon diagnosis, managing Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) involves addressing several crucial aspects. The primary goals include resting the bowel, correcting malnutrition, and providing symptomatic relief. Resting the bowel may consist of medications to reduce inflammation and promote healing. Correcting malnutrition is essential, often requiring dietary adjustments and nutritional supplements. Symptomatic relief aims to ease pain, diarrhea, and other discomforts in IBD.
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Crohn's disease is an inflammatory bowel disorder marked by chronic inflammation of the GI tract. Various treatment strategies for Crohn's disease are employed, such as immunomodulatory agents, glucocorticoids, and biologics or anti-TNF therapy. Azathioprine (Imuran), a commonly used immunomodulatory drug for Crohn's disease, is converted in the body to mercaptopurine, which inhibits purine biosynthesis and cell proliferation. Both are utilized in severe cases of Inflammatory Bowel...
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Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF), a proinflammatory cytokine, contributes significantly to the inflammation seen in Crohn's disease. It exists as soluble TNF and membrane-bound TNF, with actions mediated through TNF receptors (TNFR). TNFR activation leads to the release of proinflammatory cytokines, T-cell activation, collagen production, and leukocyte migration, all contributing to inflammation in Crohn's disease. Anti-TNF monoclonal antibodies, namely infliximab (Remicade), adalimumab...
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Updated: Mar 23, 2026

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Inflammation-responsive framework nucleic acids for ulcerative colitis therapy.

Tianci Zhang1, Jingtao Huang2, Xiaoting Chen3

  • 1Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Laboratory of Diabetes and Metabolism Research, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.

Journal of Controlled Release : Official Journal of the Controlled Release Society
|March 21, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Tetrahedral framework nucleic acids (tFNAs) enable targeted delivery of GATA3-targeting DNAzymes to inflamed intestinal cells. This approach shows therapeutic potential for ulcerative colitis by reducing inflammation and restoring gut homeostasis.

Keywords:
DNAzymeInflammationIntestineTetrahedral framework nucleic acidUlcerative colitis

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Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology
  • Molecular Medicine
  • Gastroenterology

Background:

  • Ulcerative colitis (UC) treatment faces challenges in delivering therapeutic oligonucleotides to the intestine.
  • Selective modulation of target cells within the heterogeneous intestinal environment is difficult.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop an effective intravenous delivery system for GATA3-targeted oligonucleotides in the intestine.
  • To demonstrate selective delivery and gene knockdown in inflamed intestinal cells using tetrahedral framework nucleic acids (tFNAs).

Main Methods:

  • Assembled GATA3-targeting DNAzyme (hgd40) into tFNAs (hgd40-tFNA) using an inflammation-responsive DNA duplex.
  • Administered hgd40-tFNA intravenously to mice with DSS-induced colitis.
  • Assessed intestinal accumulation, gene knockdown efficiency, and therapeutic efficacy.

Main Results:

  • hgd40-tFNA showed effective intestinal accumulation after intravenous injection.
  • Selective potent knockdown of pathogenic genes in inflamed cells was achieved, with low efficiency in normal cells.
  • hgd40-tFNA significantly mitigated weight loss and colonic shortening in colitis mice, restoring intestinal epithelial homeostasis.

Conclusions:

  • tFNAs provide an effective strategy for intravenous delivery of therapeutic oligonucleotides to the intestine.
  • This method enables selective action on intestinal inflamed cells, offering potential for treating inflammatory intestinal diseases like UC.