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Reprioritising consultation in scoping reviews: Clarifying purposes and practices
Marco Zaccagnini1,2, Lauren A Maggio3, Christina St-Onge4
1University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
Medical Education
|March 23, 2026
Summary
The consultation stage in scoping reviews is often overlooked but should be an integral part of knowledge synthesis. Meaningful engagement with knowledge users enhances the credibility and applicability of review findings.
Area of Science:
- Knowledge Synthesis
- Health Professions Education
- Research Methodology
Background:
- The consultation stage in scoping reviews is conceptually ambiguous and inconsistently applied.
- Consultation involves engaging knowledge users for input on priorities, interpretation, gaps, and dissemination.
- Currently, consultation is often treated as an optional or peripheral activity.
Purpose of the Study:
- To reposition the consultation stage as an integral, collaborative, and methodologically embedded feature of scoping reviews.
- To provide practical guidance for designing and executing consultations with methodological intentionality.
- To enhance the credibility, usability, and relevance of scoping review findings through meaningful knowledge user engagement.
Main Methods:
- Revisiting the consultation stage based on recent critiques and practical experience in knowledge synthesis.
- Positioning consultation as a dialogical, contextually responsive strategy.
- Offering practical guidance and case examples for designing and executing consultations.
Main Results:
- Consultation, when methodologically embedded, enhances the credibility, usability, and relevance of review findings.
- Practical guidance and case examples illustrate effective consultation strategies.
- Ethical and epistemic considerations, including authorship and divergent feedback, are reflected upon.
Conclusions:
- A shift is needed in conceptualizing, designing, and reporting the consultation stage in scoping reviews.
- Consultation should be embraced as a dynamic process that deepens interpretation and expands real-world applicability.
- Meaningful consultation moves beyond a symbolic gesture to a humanizing process that challenges assumptions.
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