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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Polymer Chemistry
  • Sustainable Materials

Background:

  • Poly(lactic acid) [PLA] and thermoplastic cassava starch [TPCS] are biodegradable polymers with potential for sustainable packaging.
  • Developing effective blends and multilayer structures is crucial for enhancing their functional properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the barrier and biodegradation performance of reactive blends of PLA and TPCS.
  • To evaluate the impact of plasticizers (glycerol and polyethylene glycol) on the properties of PLA-g-TPCS multilayer films.
  • To assess the potential of these films for sustainable packaging applications.

Main Methods:

  • Reactive melt mixing of PLA and TPCS using twin-screw extrusion.
  • Preparation of multilayer films via cast coextrusion.
  • Characterization of structural, mechanical, thermal, optical, barrier, and surface properties.
  • Biodegradation assessment using a respirometer system under thermophilic composting conditions.

Main Results:

  • Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy confirmed successful grafting of PLA and TPCS.
  • Reactive blending reduced tensile strength and modulus but increased elongation at break.
  • Multilayer structures significantly improved mechanical properties compared to monolayers.
  • Glycerol-plasticized TPCS reduced oxygen permeability by 50%, while both plasticizers increased water vapor transmission.
  • Biodegradation was accelerated by TPCS but moderated by PLA outer layers in multilayer films.

Conclusions:

  • PLA-g-TPCS multilayer films exhibit a promising combination of composability and functional performance.
  • Plasticizer choice significantly influences film properties and biodegradation rates.
  • These materials offer a viable alternative for sustainable packaging, potentially suitable for industrial and home composting.