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Automated Robotic Liquid Handling Assembly of Modular DNA Devices
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A flexible automated magnetic microrobot assembly system.

Oliver J Shindell1, Aaron C Davis1, David J Cappelleri1,2

  • 1School of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN USA.

Journal of Micro-Bio Robotics
|March 23, 2026
PubMed
Summary

A new automated system fabricates magnetic microrobots for drug delivery. This flexible system efficiently loads therapeutics and seals them, advancing mass production for medical applications.

Keywords:
MicroassemblyMicromanipulationMicrorobotics

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Area of Science:

  • Robotics and Automation
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Microrobots offer enhanced control and force capabilities for targeted drug delivery.
  • Current fabrication methods lack flexibility and scalability for practical medical use.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel, flexible, automated system for fabricating magnetic microrobots.
  • To integrate drug loading and hermetic sealing capabilities for therapeutic applications.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a micromanipulator with tweezers and stepper motors for a four-stage assembly process.
  • Employed a syringe pump for drug loading and a heated copper wire brush for wax sealing.
  • Implemented vision-based feedback with image processing for precise magnet assembly.

Main Results:

  • Achieved microrobot assembly in 192.77±48.28 seconds and drug loading/sealing in 159.38±3.67 seconds.
  • Demonstrated 100% hermetic seals with an average thickness of 302±25 µm.
  • Established a practical basis for mass production of drug delivery microrobots.

Conclusions:

  • The developed system enables flexible, automated fabrication of magnetic microrobots for drug delivery.
  • The integrated drug loading and sealing process ensures therapeutic containment.
  • This advancement paves the way for practical, large-scale medical applications of microrobots.