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Development and efficacy evaluation of a competency-based training program for pediatric operating room nurses.

Qingqing Du1,2, Zhen Wang1, Mengfan Xia1

  • 1Shanghai Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.

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|March 23, 2026
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Summary

A new competency-based training program significantly improved pediatric operating room (OR) nurses' knowledge, skills, and confidence. This structured approach, incorporating simulation and case-based learning, offers a better alternative to traditional mentoring for OR nurses.

Keywords:
effectiveness evaluationjob competencynurse trainingnursing educationpediatric operating theaterprogram development

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Area of Science:

  • Nursing Education
  • Surgical Nursing
  • Pediatric Healthcare

Background:

  • The pediatric operating room (OR) environment presents unique challenges requiring highly competent nurses.
  • Traditional training methods may not adequately prepare new nurses for the complexities of the pediatric OR.
  • A structured competency-based training (CBT) program was developed to address these training gaps.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and evaluate the effectiveness of a structured competency-based training (CBT) program for newly recruited pediatric OR nurses.
  • To compare the CBT program's outcomes against conventional one-to-one mentoring.

Main Methods:

  • A 15-expert Delphi method was used to create the CBT program framework.
  • A quasi-experimental pilot study involved 40 newly recruited nurses in Shanghai, randomly assigned to either the 8-week CBT program or conventional mentoring.
  • Outcomes including theoretical knowledge, practical skills, competency, self-efficacy, and job fit were assessed pre- and post-intervention.

Main Results:

  • The CBT group demonstrated significantly greater improvements in theoretical knowledge (88.52 vs. 80.23) and practical skills (85.22 vs. 78.36) compared to the control group.
  • The experimental group also showed significant increases in overall job competency (92.49 vs. 82.72), self-efficacy (26.52 vs. 21.42), and perceived ability-job fit (18.32 vs. 14.52).
  • All measured outcomes showed statistically significant improvements favoring the CBT program (p < 0.01).

Conclusions:

  • The developed competency-based training program is more effective than traditional mentoring for enhancing pediatric OR nurses' competencies.
  • This evidence-based model provides a practical framework for optimizing training and professional development in specialized pediatric surgical settings.
  • The CBT program successfully improved knowledge, skills, competency, self-efficacy, and role adaptation in new pediatric OR nurses.