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  3. Epitranscriptomic Modulations Optimize Crop Traits Via Messenger Rna Modifications.
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  3. Epitranscriptomic Modulations Optimize Crop Traits Via Messenger Rna Modifications.

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Methylated RNA Immunoprecipitation Assay to Study m5C Modification in Arabidopsis
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Epitranscriptomic modulations optimize crop traits via messenger RNA modifications.

Yicheng Ren1, Dong Li1,2,3,4, Brian D Gregory5

  • 1College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.

The New Phytologist
|March 23, 2026

View abstract on PubMed

Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Epitranscriptomic modifications like m6A regulate gene expression in crops, impacting yield and quality. Understanding these dynamic RNA changes offers new precision breeding strategies for enhanced crop traits.

Keywords:
crop breedingepitranscriptomic regulationepitranscriptomic reprogrammingmRNA modificationmolecular traitsstress responses

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • Plant Science

Background:

  • Global food demand necessitates crop improvement through precise gene expression regulation.
  • Epitranscriptomic modifications on mRNA offer a layer of post-transcriptional control, but their role in crop traits is not fully understood.
  • Recent research links epitranscriptomic enzymes to key crop characteristics like yield, quality, and stress tolerance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize the regulatory mechanisms of five key mRNA modifications (m6A, m5C, m1A, ac4C, and Ψ) in crops.
  • To analyze how these modifications affect mRNA stability, translation, and localization.
  • To discuss the applicability of Arabidopsis-derived epitranscriptomic mechanisms for crop improvement.

Main Methods:

  • Review of 13 functionally validated crop cases.
  • Analysis of how specific epitranscriptomic modifications reprogram mRNA functions.
  • Comparative analysis of crop and Arabidopsis epitranscriptomic regulation.

    • Main Results:

    • Five major mRNA modifications (m6A, m5C, m1A, ac4C, Ψ) were found to reprogram mRNA stability, translation, and localization across various crop species.
    • Whole-genome duplication and paralog specialization in crops lead to diverse epitranscriptomic enzyme repertoires and unique regulatory circuits.
    • Existing knowledge from Arabidopsis may not fully translate to crop applications due to species-specific adaptations.

    Conclusions:

    • Epitranscriptomic reprogramming is a vital strategy for precision crop engineering, enhancing yield and quality.
    • Future research should focus on quantitative, base-resolution profiling and site-specific perturbation systems.
    • Developing predictive breeding tools based on epitranscriptomic data is crucial for future crop development.