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Advances in Ene-Reductase Engineering: Dynamic Structure, Catalytic System Innovation, and Green Application
Mengya Qin1, Danni Yuan1, Qinglan Yao1
1State Key Laboratory for Development and Utilization of Forest Food Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
|March 24, 2026
Summary
Ene-reductases (ERs) are enzymes that reduce alkene double bonds. This review covers their mechanisms, engineering, and applications in synthesis and remediation, highlighting future directions.
Area of Science:
- Biocatalysis
- Enzyme Engineering
- Synthetic Biology
Background:
- Ene-reductases (ERs) are FMN- and NAD(P)H-dependent oxidoreductases catalyzing stereoselective alkene reduction.
- Advances in structural and synthetic biology have enhanced understanding of ER catalytic mechanisms and molecular modification.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the dynamic structural regulation, directed evolution, immobilization, and applications of ene-reductases.
- To highlight the impact of conformational changes, photoenzyme systems, and AI-assisted design on ERs.
- To provide theoretical references for future research in ER-based biocatalysis.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of structural and synthetic biology advances in ene-reductases.
- Analysis of directed evolution and immobilization techniques for ER optimization.
- Exploration of ER applications in drug synthesis and environmental remediation.
Main Results:
- Conformational changes significantly impact catalytic selectivity in ERs.
- Photoenzyme cooperative systems and AI-assisted design offer novel strategies for ER development.
- Emerging approaches include low-cost immobilization, continuous-flow processes, and multifield coupling systems.
Conclusions:
- Ene-reductases are versatile biocatalysts with significant potential in chemical synthesis and environmental applications.
- Future research directions include light-driven systems, coenzyme regeneration, non-natural radical reactions, and microbial cell factories.
- Continued exploration of ERs promises advancements in sustainable chemistry and biotechnology.
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