Jatropodagines A and B: Lathyrane Diterpenoid Dimers from Jatropha podagrica, Inducing Paraptosis-Like Cell Death
Qian Zhao1,2,3, Wen-Tao Zhang2,3, Jian Zhang2
1State Key Laboratory Basis of Xinjiang Indigenous Medicinal Plants Resource Utilization, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830011, China.
Abstract:
The first-reported lathyrane diterpenoid dimers, named jatropodagines A (1) and B (2), were isolated from Jatropha podagrica. Compound 1 is a [4 + 2] dimer featuring a spirocyclic five-membered ring, while compound 2 features a unique 3/11/5/5/11/3/3-fused heptacyclic scaffold, formed via an intermolecular Michael addition between two monomers. Their structures were elucidated by extensive NMR spectroscopic data, X-ray diffraction, and quantum chemical calculations. Furthermore, compounds 1 and 2 potently induced paraptosis in HepG2 cells by triggering excessive ROS accumulation and ER stress.
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