Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Retrovirus Life Cycles01:10

Retrovirus Life Cycles

50.5K
Retroviruses have a single-stranded RNA genome that undergoes a special form of replication. Once the retrovirus has entered the host cell, an enzyme called reverse transcriptase synthesizes double-stranded DNA from the retroviral RNA genome. This DNA copy of the genome is then integrated into the host’s genome inside the nucleus via an enzyme called integrase. Consequently, the retroviral genome is transcribed into RNA whenever the host’s genome is transcribed, allowing the...
50.5K
Subviral Agents01:29

Subviral Agents

739
Subviral agents are infectious entities that resemble viruses but lack one or more viral components, such as a capsid or essential replication machinery. These agents include viroids, prions, and satellites, each possessing distinct structural and functional characteristics that influence their mode of infection and replication.Viroids are the simplest subviral agents, consisting of circular, single-stranded RNA molecules without a protein coat. They exclusively infect plants, relying entirely...
739
Inhibitors of Viral Protein Synthesis01:30

Inhibitors of Viral Protein Synthesis

17
Protein synthesis is indispensable for viral replication, as viruses lack the cellular machinery required for this process and must hijack the host's translational apparatus. In response, host cells deploy a critical innate immune defense involving interferons, specialized cytokines that play a central role in inhibiting viral propagation.Upon viral detection, infected cells release interferons that bind to receptors on adjacent uninfected cells, activating the JAK-STAT signaling pathway and...
17
Retroviruses02:33

Retroviruses

15.7K
Retroviruses and retrotransposons both insert copies of their genetic elements into the genome of the host cell. Thus, the viral genes are passed on when the host genome is replicated or translated. A typical retroviral DNA sequence contains 3-4 genes that encode the different proteins required for its structural assembly and function as a molecular parasite. This DNA is transcribed into a single mRNA, which is very similar in structure to conventional mRNAs, i.e., it is capped at the 5’...
15.7K
Sexually Transmitted Infections01:26

Sexually Transmitted Infections

1.6K
Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are diseases transmitted primarily through unsafe sexual interactions. Bacteria, viruses, or parasites cause them and can result in severe health complications if untreated.ChlamydiaThe bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis is responsible for the disease Chlamydia, the most common STI in the United States. This peculiar pathogen requires human cells to reproduce, residing intracellularly. The initial infection often goes unnoticed because it typically does not...
1.6K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Kinetics of Enteric Pathogen Quantity During Acute Diarrhea in Children in Resource-Limited Settings.

Open forum infectious diseases·2026
Same author

Characterizing AIDS Drug Assistance Program Practices and Policies for Sustained Viral Suppression Using the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research: Protocol for a Qualitative Study.

JMIR research protocols·2026
Same author

Temporal patterns and risk factors of diarrheal comorbidity among children aged < 5 years in rural western Kenya: Evidence from three consecutive enteric studies, 2008-2024.

PLOS global public health·2026
Same author

The importance and challenge of comparing stroke care, utilization and outcomes in Medicare Advantage and Fee-for-Service Medicare: a narrative review and vision for the future.

Journal of comparative effectiveness research·2026
Same author

Prevalence of <i>Plasmodium </i>species in asymptomatic individuals in North-Eastern South Africa: 2018 - 2019.

South African medical journal = Suid-Afrikaanse tydskrif vir geneeskunde·2025
Same author

Defining Severe Shigellosis in the Enterics for Global Health Study: A Comparison of Leading Diarrhea Severity Definitions Among Children With Shigella Diarrhea.

The Journal of infectious diseases·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 27, 2026

Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship, Activity Prediction, and Molecular Dynamics of Non-nucleotide Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors
10:29

Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship, Activity Prediction, and Molecular Dynamics of Non-nucleotide Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors

Published on: May 9, 2025

2.6K

State AIDS Drug Assistance Programs' Contribution to the US Viral Suppression, 2015-2022.

Kathleen A McManus1, Amy Killelea1, Erin Q Rogers1

  • 1Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA.

Clinical Infectious Diseases : an Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America
|March 25, 2026
PubMed
Summary

State AIDS Drug Assistance Programs (ADAPs) significantly boost viral suppression rates among low-income people with HIV (PWH). ADAP clients achieve higher viral suppression, contributing substantially to overall HIV treatment success.

Keywords:
AIDS drug assistance programsHIVending the HIV epidemicpublic health programviral suppression

More Related Videos

An Affordable HIV-1 Drug Resistance Monitoring Method for Resource Limited Settings
19:57

An Affordable HIV-1 Drug Resistance Monitoring Method for Resource Limited Settings

Published on: March 30, 2014

19.5K
Rapid Screening of HIV Reverse Transcriptase and Integrase Inhibitors
05:46

Rapid Screening of HIV Reverse Transcriptase and Integrase Inhibitors

Published on: April 9, 2014

18.5K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 27, 2026

Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship, Activity Prediction, and Molecular Dynamics of Non-nucleotide Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors
10:29

Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship, Activity Prediction, and Molecular Dynamics of Non-nucleotide Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors

Published on: May 9, 2025

2.6K
An Affordable HIV-1 Drug Resistance Monitoring Method for Resource Limited Settings
19:57

An Affordable HIV-1 Drug Resistance Monitoring Method for Resource Limited Settings

Published on: March 30, 2014

19.5K
Rapid Screening of HIV Reverse Transcriptase and Integrase Inhibitors
05:46

Rapid Screening of HIV Reverse Transcriptase and Integrase Inhibitors

Published on: April 9, 2014

18.5K

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • HIV/AIDS Research
  • Health Services Research

Background:

  • State AIDS Drug Assistance Programs (ADAPs) are crucial for HIV medication access for low-income individuals in the U.S.
  • Quantifying the contribution of ADAP clients to overall viral suppression (VS) is essential for understanding program impact.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the proportion of viral suppression (VS) attributed to clients of State AIDS Drug Assistance Programs (ADAPs) between 2015 and 2022.
  • To compare viral suppression rates between ADAP clients and the broader population of people with HIV (PWH).

Main Methods:

  • Utilized publicly available, jurisdiction-level data on ADAP clients and PWH from 2015-2022.
  • Analyzed viral load (VL) test results and VS data, reporting descriptive statistics on the proportion of PWH with VLs who achieved VS and were supported by ADAPs.

Main Results:

  • Viral suppression among ADAP clients ranged from 81.2% to 91.4%, significantly higher than the 60%-66.3% observed for all people with HIV (PWH).
  • ADAP clients represented 30.8% of all PWH with viral suppression, despite comprising only 23.1% of the PWH population.
  • A lower proportion of ADAP clients had a reported VL, but a higher proportion achieved VS compared to all PWH.

Conclusions:

  • ADAP clients account for nearly one-third of the total viral suppression rate among people with HIV, highlighting the program's significant impact.
  • The higher VS rates among ADAP clients are not due to their overrepresentation among those with reported VLs.
  • Recommends policymakers explore how ADAPs can better align with and support the federal Ending the HIV Epidemic (EHE) Initiative.