Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Oligosaccharide Assembly01:24

Oligosaccharide Assembly

3.8K
Protein glycosylation starts in the ER lumen and continues in the Golgi apparatus. Glycosyltransferases catalyze the addition of sugar molecules or glycosylation of proteins. Usually, these enzymes add sugars to the hydroxyl groups of selected serine or threonine residues to form O-linked glycans or the amino groups of asparagine residues to form N-linked glycans. Different positions on the same polypeptide chain can contain differently linked glycans.
Multiple sugar molecules that may or may...
3.8K
Peptidoglycan Synthesis01:28

Peptidoglycan Synthesis

4.1K
Structure of PeptidoglycanPeptidoglycan is a vital structural component of the bacterial cell wall, providing mechanical strength and shape to the cell. It consists of repeating units of two sugars—N-acetylglucosamine (NAG) and N-acetylmuramic acid (NAM)—linked by β-1,4 glycosidic bonds. These sugar chains are cross-linked by short peptide chains, forming a mesh-like polymer that surrounds the bacterial plasma membrane.Cytoplasmic Phase – Precursor SynthesisPeptidoglycan...
4.1K
Protein Folding Quality Check in the RER01:29

Protein Folding Quality Check in the RER

5.5K
ER is the primary site for the maturation and folding of soluble and transmembrane secretory proteins. The calnexin cycle is a specific chaperone system that folds and assesses the confirmation of N-glycosylated proteins before they can exit the ER lumen. The primary players of this quality check pipeline are the lectins, ER-resident chaperones, and a glucosyl transferase enzyme. In case the calnexin system in the lumen fails to salvage a misfolded protein, it is transported to the cytoplasm...
5.5K
Gram-negative Bacterial Protein Secretion Systems01:17

Gram-negative Bacterial Protein Secretion Systems

1.4K
Gram-negative bacteria utilize sophisticated protein secretion systems to transport proteins across their double-membrane envelope into the extracellular environment or host cells. Based on their mechanism of action, these systems are classified into one-step and two-step pathways.One-Step Secretion Systems (Types I, III, IV, and VI)One-step secretion systems bypass the periplasm entirely, forming a continuous channel that spans both the inner and outer membranes:Type I Secretion System (T1SS):...
1.4K
Directing Proteins to the Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum01:34

Directing Proteins to the Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum

18.3K
The organelle-specific signaling sequences direct proteins synthesized in the cytosol to their final destination like ER, mitochondria, peroxisomes, etc. Some of the proteins directed to ER are then trafficked via vesicles to other organelles within the cell or the extracellular environment through the Golgi complex. For example, the rough ER synthesizes soluble proteins for transportation to the lysosomes or secretion out of the cell. It can also synthesize transmembrane proteins that can...
18.3K
Cooperative Allosteric Transitions01:58

Cooperative Allosteric Transitions

2.8K
2.8K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Pioneering next-generation bioactive materials for endodontics: Insights of mitochondrial biology.

Bioactive materials·2026
Same author

Artificial cell-free pathway for carbon-efficient glycerol-HCO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup> conversion to l-aspartate with ATP and cofactor trade-offs.

Bioresource technology·2026
Same author

70 Years of Polyphosphate Kinase: Expanding Functions and Emerging Design Considerations.

Chembiochem : a European journal of chemical biology·2026
Same author

Rational Engineering of a Thermostable Dipeptidase from <i>Thermobrachium celere</i> for Efficient Biosynthesis of l-Carnosine.

Journal of agricultural and food chemistry·2026
Same author

Computational rational design of unspecific peroxygenase for C-H oxidation.

Science advances·2026
Same author

Radiotherapy for large ruptured hemorrhagic axillary lymph node metastasis from anaplastic lymphoma kinase-positive lung adenocarcinoma: A case report and review of literature.

World journal of clinical oncology·2026
Same journal

Bilirubin Reductase from <i>Mediterraneibacter gnavus</i>: Positional Reduction Preferences and Transient-State Analysis.

Biochemistry·2026
Same journal

Aromatic Cage-Directed Azide-Methyllysine Photochemistry for Profiling Nonhistone Interacting Partners of the MeCP2 Methyl-CpG-Binding Domain.

Biochemistry·2026
Same journal

Differential Hydroxypyruvate Processing by <i>E. coli</i> and <i>P. aeruginosa</i> DXP Synthases Reveals Preferential Xylulose 5-Phosphate Formation by the <i>P. aeruginosa</i> Enzyme.

Biochemistry·2026
Same journal

Structural and Functional Characterization of Heterologous Nitrogenase Complexes.

Biochemistry·2026
Same journal

Discovery of Bacterial Unspecific Peroxygenases.

Biochemistry·2026
Same journal

Lactate Biology: Subcellular Routing and Chemical Form Define Function.

Biochemistry·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 27, 2026

High Throughput Screening of Fungal Endoglucanase Activity in Escherichia coli
06:16

High Throughput Screening of Fungal Endoglucanase Activity in Escherichia coli

Published on: August 13, 2011

21.3K

A Push-Pull Loop Motif Controls Product Distribution in GH5 Endocellulases.

Zong-Lin Li1, Xin-Ya Liu1, Zhi-Min Li1,2

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China.

Biochemistry
|March 25, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Endocellulases

More Related Videos

Structural Biology and Analytical Chemistry Approaches for Characterizing C-Glycoside Metabolic Enzymes in Human Gut Microbiota
13:35

Structural Biology and Analytical Chemistry Approaches for Characterizing C-Glycoside Metabolic Enzymes in Human Gut Microbiota

Published on: May 23, 2025

1.1K
Generation of Null Mutants to Elucidate the Role of Bacterial Glycosyltransferases in Bacterial Motility
12:29

Generation of Null Mutants to Elucidate the Role of Bacterial Glycosyltransferases in Bacterial Motility

Published on: March 11, 2022

2.8K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 27, 2026

High Throughput Screening of Fungal Endoglucanase Activity in Escherichia coli
06:16

High Throughput Screening of Fungal Endoglucanase Activity in Escherichia coli

Published on: August 13, 2011

21.3K
Structural Biology and Analytical Chemistry Approaches for Characterizing C-Glycoside Metabolic Enzymes in Human Gut Microbiota
13:35

Structural Biology and Analytical Chemistry Approaches for Characterizing C-Glycoside Metabolic Enzymes in Human Gut Microbiota

Published on: May 23, 2025

1.1K
Generation of Null Mutants to Elucidate the Role of Bacterial Glycosyltransferases in Bacterial Motility
12:29

Generation of Null Mutants to Elucidate the Role of Bacterial Glycosyltransferases in Bacterial Motility

Published on: March 11, 2022

2.8K

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
  • Enzymology
  • Carbohydrate Chemistry

Background:

  • Endocellulases are crucial for breaking down cellulose, but their action is often unpredictable.
  • Controlling the products of cellulose deconstruction is challenging due to the stochastic nature of these enzymes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the mechanism governing cleavage-site selection in GH5 endocellulases.
  • To demonstrate rational programming of endocellulase product profiles through protein engineering.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative analysis of two related GH5 endocellulases with differing product profiles.
  • Molecular dynamics simulations to visualize substrate-enzyme interactions.
  • Site-directed mutagenesis to alter loop structures and assess functional impact.

Main Results:

  • A specific loop structure near the binding cleft dictates substrate positioning and hydrolysis outcomes.
  • A triaspartate (DDD) loop promotes deep binding and central cleavage, while a DND loop leads to nonspecific hydrolysis.
  • Minimal, reversible loop substitutions switched product distributions without affecting the catalytic core.

Conclusions:

  • Endocellulase product profiles can be rationally controlled via loop engineering.
  • This controlled hydrolysis is relevant for applications like phosphorylated sugar biosynthesis requiring specific oligosaccharide inputs.