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Positive Doping Test Linked to Crumb Rubber From Artificial Football Pitch: Case Report
Astrid Gjelstad1,2, Geir Holden3, Per Ole M Gundersen4
1Science and Medicine, Anti-Doping Norway, Oslo, Norway.
Drug Testing and Analysis
|March 26, 2026
Summary
Contaminated artificial turf caused a doping violation in one athlete and near misses for seven others. The 1,3-Dimethylbenzanthracene (1,3-DMBA) originated from recycled tires used in the turf infill.
Area of Science:
- Environmental Science
- Sports Science
- Analytical Chemistry
Background:
- Detection of 1,3-Dimethylbenzanthracene (1,3-DMBA) in athlete urine samples raises doping concerns.
- The World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) sets Minimum Risk Levels (MRLs) for prohibited substances.
