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Naturalistic Driving Outcomes and Sensorimotor Function in Cognitively Normal Older Adults.

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Sensorimotor impairment significantly accelerates driving decline in older adults, even with normal cognition. A SensoryMotor Impairment Index (SMI) can identify at-risk drivers for timely interventions to maintain mobility.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Neuroscience
  • Transportation Safety

Background:

  • Driving is crucial for independence in older adults but declines with age and disease.
  • Cognitive impairment is a known risk for unsafe driving, but sensorimotor function's role is less clear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between sensorimotor impairment and longitudinal driving patterns in cognitively normal older adults.
  • To assess the utility of a SensoryMotor Impairment Index (SMI) in predicting driving decline.

Main Methods:

  • 374 cognitively normal older adults were enrolled in the DRIVES Project.
  • A SensoryMotor Impairment Index (SMI) was created from six sensorimotor domains.
  • Naturalistic driving was monitored via GPS, with data analyzed using linear mixed-effects models.

Main Results:

  • Higher SMI scores correlated with older age and lower cognitive function at baseline.
  • Increased sensorimotor impairment predicted faster declines in driving exposure and spatial range.
  • Participants with severe impairment (SMI ≥ 3) showed significant reductions in trip frequency, distance, and driving space.

Conclusions:

  • Greater sensorimotor impairment predicts accelerated decline in naturalistic driving among cognitively normal older adults, independent of cognition.
  • A composite SMI offers a practical method to identify older drivers at risk.
  • Early identification can support interventions to prolong safe driving and maintain mobility.