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Related Concept Videos

The Hyoid Bone01:12

The Hyoid Bone

The hyoid bone is a small U-shaped bone located in the upper neck at the level of the inferior mandible, with its tips pointing posteriorly. It does not directly articulate with any other bone in the body. The hyoid acts as the attachment site for the tongue, the larynx, and the pharynx. It is held in position by a series of small muscles attached from above or below. These muscles help to move the hyoid up/down or forward/back in coordination with movements of the tongue, larynx, and pharynx...
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Various sedation levels offer significant advantages in facilitating procedural interventions for patients undergoing medical or invasive surgical procedures. These levels span from anxiolysis to general anesthesia, providing a spectrum of sedative effects to cater to specific patient needs. Anxiolysis reduces anxiety and is achieved through minimal sedation, enabling patients to remain awake and responsive while feeling more at ease during the procedure. This level can benefit minor...

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Comparing Hyoid Suspension Approaches in Multilevel Sleep Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

David Weatherford1, Joel James1, Harrison Smith2

  • 1Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Tennessee Health Science Center Memphis, Tennessee, USA.

Otolaryngology--Head and Neck Surgery : Official Journal of American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery
|March 26, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Hyoid suspension effectively treats obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in multilevel surgery. Hyomandibular suspension may offer greater surgical success rates compared to hyothyroidpexy for OSA patients.

Keywords:
hyoid suspensionobstructive sleep apneasleep surgery

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Area of Science:

  • Sleep Medicine
  • Surgical Techniques
  • Otolaryngology

Background:

  • Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common condition characterized by hypopharyngeal obstruction during sleep.
  • Multilevel surgery, including hyoid suspension, is a treatment option for OSA.
  • Hyoid suspension can be performed by attaching the hyoid bone to the mandible or thyroid cartilage.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the effectiveness of hyomandibular suspension versus hyothyroidpexy as components of multilevel sleep surgery for OSA.
  • To evaluate surgical outcomes based on apnea-hypopnea index (AHI), Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) scores, and surgical success rates.

Main Methods:

  • A meta-analysis was conducted using studies from PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and The Cochrane Library.
  • A 2-stage blinded screening, extraction, and evaluation process was employed.
  • Primary outcomes included pre- and postoperative AHI, Sher surgical success rate, and ESS score changes.

Main Results:

  • The meta-analysis included 21 studies with data from 582 patients (hyothyroidpexy) and 141 patients (hyomandibular suspension).
  • Both hyothyroidpexy and hyomandibular suspension significantly reduced AHI and improved ESS scores.
  • Hyomandibular suspension demonstrated a higher Sher surgical success rate (73.8%) compared to hyothyroidpexy (57.5%), with statistical significance (P=.006).

Conclusions:

  • Both hyoid suspension techniques are effective adjuncts in multilevel OSA surgery.
  • Hyomandibular suspension may yield superior surgical success rates for treating obstructive sleep apnea compared to hyothyroidpexy.