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Related Concept Videos

Working Memory01:24

Working Memory

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Working memory refers to a combination of components, including short-term memory and attention, that allow an individual to hold information temporarily as we perform cognitive tasks. It is an essential cognitive function that enables the execution of complex tasks such as problem-solving, comprehension, and reasoning. Unlike short-term memory, which simply involves the storage of information for a brief period, working memory involves the active manipulation and processing of this...
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Long-Term Memory01:18

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Long-term memory is a relatively permanent type of memory, capable of storing vast amounts of information over extended periods. Its storage capacity is generally considered unlimited.
Long-term memory can be categorized into two primary types: explicit and implicit memory. Explicit memory, also known as declarative memory, involves the conscious recollection of information that we deliberately try to remember, recall, and articulate. This type of memory encompasses specific facts, events, and...
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Eye Movement Monitoring of Memory
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Exogenously Driven Neural Reactivation of Spatially Matching Visual Working-Memory Contents.

Águeda Fuentes-Guerra1, Elisa Martín-Arévalo2, Freek van Ede3

  • 1Department of Experimental Psychology, Brain, Mind, and Behavior Research Center (CIMCYC), University of Granada, Granada 18071, Spain aguedafgt@ugr.es.

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|March 26, 2026
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

External stimuli can involuntarily select information in working memory (WM). Uninformative visual cues reactivated specific WM contents, demonstrating stimulus-driven attention within WM and influencing decision-making by speeding evidence accumulation.

Keywords:
EEGevent filesexogenous attentionworking memory

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Attention Research
  • Working Memory Studies

Background:

  • Selective attention is typically divided into voluntary and involuntary forms.
  • Internal selective attention for working memory (WM) representations has been mainly studied for voluntary control.
  • External stimuli's involuntary influence on internal WM selection remains poorly understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the neural mechanisms of involuntary attentional selection within WM.
  • To determine if uninformative spatial cues can involuntarily reactivate WM content.
  • To examine how external stimuli influence internal representations and decision-making.

Main Methods:

  • Participants memorized complex contents at distinct locations.
  • Unpredictictive, task-irrelevant spatial retro-cues were presented during WM delay.
  • Temporally resolved multivariate EEG decoding and drift-diffusion modeling were employed.

Main Results:

  • Category-specific neural reactivation of spatially matching WM content was observed post-cue.
  • Neural responses to memory probes were modulated by cue congruency.
  • Involuntary cueing effects were primarily driven by increased evidence accumulation.

Conclusions:

  • Provides direct neural evidence for stimulus-driven, involuntary attentional selection within WM.
  • Demonstrates that external events can automatically influence internal cognitive workspaces.
  • Highlights the role of involuntary cueing in shaping decision-making processes.