Related Experiment Video
Updated: Mar 28, 2026
07:37
Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass Operation in Rats
Published on: June 11, 2012
24.5K
Potential far-reaching metabolic consequences of cholecystectomy
Mohamad Khalil1, Georgy Baffy2,3,4, Jerlin Stephy JohnBritto1
1Clinica Medica 'A. Murri', Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePre-J), University of Bari 'Aldo Moro', Bari, Italy.
European Journal of Clinical Investigation
|March 27, 2026
Summary
Cholecystectomy, a common gallbladder removal surgery, disrupts bile acid circulation and gut health. This can lead to metabolic disorders like type 2 diabetes and obesity.
Area of Science:
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology
- Metabolic Medicine
- Surgical Science
Background:
- Cholecystectomy is a prevalent surgical procedure for gallstone disease.
- The gallbladder plays a crucial role in bile acid storage, concentration, and enterohepatic circulation.
- Gallbladder removal impacts metabolic homeostasis through effects on nuclear and membrane-associated receptors.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review mechanisms linking cholecystectomy to dysmetabolism.
- To explore disruptions in the gut-liver axis post-surgery.
- To examine bile acid-mediated metabolic effects and associated pathophysiological processes.
Main Methods:
- Conducted a narrative review of existing literature.
- Synthesized studies on cholecystectomy, bile acid metabolism, and metabolic disorders.
- Analyzed evidence connecting surgical outcomes to gut microbiome alterations.
Main Results:
- Cholecystectomy alters bile acid enterohepatic circulation, impacting signaling pathways.
- Post-surgical gut dysbiosis may reduce beneficial short-chain fatty acid production.
- Evidence links cholecystectomy to metabolic disorders and increased colorectal cancer risk.
Conclusions:
- Cholecystectomy can predispose individuals to metabolic changes.
- Associated conditions include type 2 diabetes mellitus, obesity, and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.
- Cardiovascular diseases are also potential outcomes following gallbladder removal.
Related Concept Videos
01:20Pharmacokinetics in Obese Patients: Drug Metabolism and Excretion
281
Drug metabolism, a critical process in the liver, involves two primary phases: Phase I reactions and Phase II conjugation. Obesity introduces significant alterations in this metabolic process, primarily due to fatty infiltration of the liver, leading to conditions such as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). This condition can modify the activities of both Phase I and II enzymes, impacting how drugs are metabolized in obese patients.Phase I metabolism sees variable effects across...
281
01:22Effect of Hepatic Disease on Pharmacokinetics: Pathophysiologic Assessment and Liver Function Test
256
In clinical practice, the direct measurement of hepatic blood flow to evaluate liver function presents significant challenges due to the intricate and specialized nature of the necessary techniques. Consequently, healthcare professionals often rely on empirical estimates derived from thorough patient examinations and liver function tests to gauge liver health. Among the tools at their disposal, the Child–Pugh and MELD scoring systems stand out for their ability to categorize and assess...
256
01:14Effect of Hepatic Disease on Pharmacokinetics: Active Drug, Metabolite and Fraction of Metabolized Drug
296
In pharmacotherapy, monitoring drug concentrations is paramount, especially for drugs whose therapeutic effects hinge on both the active compound and its metabolite. Hepatic impairment profoundly influences drug potency by altering liver function. If the drug is more potent than its metabolite, impaired liver function amplifies drug activity due to elevated drug concentration levels. Conversely, if the metabolite holds greater potency, diminished liver function diminishes drug activity by...
296
01:24Chronic Pancreatitis I: Introduction
881
The pancreas, an elongated and flat gland situated behind the stomach, serves a vital function in digesting food and managing blood sugar levels.
Pancreatitis is the inflammation of the pancreas, which occurs when the immune system becomes active and causes swelling, pain, and disruptions in organ function. Pancreatitis can manifest as either an acute or chronic condition.
Acute pancreatitis arises suddenly and lasts for a brief duration, while chronic pancreatitis is a long-term affliction...
Pancreatitis is the inflammation of the pancreas, which occurs when the immune system becomes active and causes swelling, pain, and disruptions in organ function. Pancreatitis can manifest as either an acute or chronic condition.
Acute pancreatitis arises suddenly and lasts for a brief duration, while chronic pancreatitis is a long-term affliction...
881
01:29Chronic Pancreatitis II: Collaborative Care
479
The management of chronic pancreatitis is multifaceted, involving a comprehensive approach that includes thorough assessment, diagnostic testing, and a variety of management strategies.
Assessment:
Assessment:
479
01:26Effect of Hepatic Disease on Pharmacokinetics: Drug Dosing and Hepatic Blood Flow
334
Chronic liver disease significantly impacts drug metabolism due to alterations in hepatic blood flow and enzyme accessibility. This disruption affects the body's pharmacokinetics—the movement and processing of drugs within the system. Key enzymes crucial for metabolizing medications become less accessible, changing how drugs are processed and utilized. Furthermore, liver disease influences the synthesis of plasma proteins, such as albumin and globulins, which play critical roles in drug...
334