Progress on Potential Therapeutic Targets for Sepsis-Related Cardiac Dysfunction: From Basic Research to Clinical...

Sepsis-related cardiac dysfunction (SRCD) is a severe complication of sepsis with complex pathophysiology involving dysregulated inflammatory responses, immune cell dysfunction, and multiple forms of programmed cell death. The review addresses the core pathophysiological mechanisms of SRCD, the central role of immune cell crosstalk (particularly between macrophages and neutrophils), and the evaluation of multi-target therapeutic strategies with an emphasis on natural compounds. We highlight promising interventions, including ginsenosides and melatonin, which exert multi-target protective effects. Future research should integrate insights across these themes to accelerate the development of precise therapies and improve patient survival and quality of life.