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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 29, 2026

A High-throughput-compatible FRET-based Platform for Identification and Characterization of Botulinum Neurotoxin Light Chain Modulators
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RTP004 Peptide Binds to Botulinum Neurotoxin, Increases Cell Surface Binding, and Enhances Cellular SNAP-25 Cleavage.

Andre F Batista1, Ratnesh Singh1, Frank Lee1

  • 1Revance, 1222 Demonbreun St Suite 2000, Nashville, TN 37203, USA.

Toxins
|March 27, 2026
PubMed
Summary

The novel excipient RTP004 enhances daxibotulinumtoxinA (DAXI) binding to neuronal membranes, increasing internalization and SNAP-25 cleavage. This proprietary formulation improves botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) efficacy compared to standard formulations.

Keywords:
RTP004SNAP-25botulinum neurotoxin type AdaxibotulinumtoxinAneuromodulatorpeptidesprotein transduction domain

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Biochemistry
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • DaxibotulinumtoxinA for injection (DAXI) is a botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) drug product.
  • It is formulated with a proprietary stabilizing excipient, RTP004.
  • The mechanism by which RTP004 enhances BoNT/A1 activity is not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the interaction between RTP004 and BoNT/A1.
  • To determine if RTP004 facilitates BoNT/A1 localization to the neuronal membrane, internalization, and SNAP-25 cleavage.

Main Methods:

  • In silico and in vitro techniques were used to characterize the RTP004-BoNT/A1 interaction.
  • Binding assays with artificial and synaptosomal membranes were performed.
  • Cleavage of synaptosomal-associated protein of 25 kDa (SNAP-25) was measured.

Main Results:

  • RTP004 binds to BoNT/A1, with interactions potentially occurring at negatively charged sites on the light and heavy chains.
  • RTP004 enhanced BoNT/A1 binding to artificial and synaptosomal membranes.
  • RTP004 increased BoNT/A1 internalization and dose-dependent cleavage of SNAP-25.
  • Human serum albumin (HSA), a common excipient, did not show similar effects.

Conclusions:

  • The proprietary excipient RTP004 enhances BoNT/A1 binding to the cell surface and facilitates internalization.
  • RTP004 increases SNAP-25 cleavage, suggesting a mechanism for enhanced DAXI efficacy.
  • RTP004 offers advantages over HSA in BoNT/A1 formulations.