Embedding physiotherapy in general practice: Global challenges, local solutions, and the role of First Contact...

In this debate article we draw on insights from a focused symposium at the World Physiotherapy Congress 2025, where we explored the embedding of physiotherapy in general practice and the role of First Contact Physiotherapy (FCP). We did this through the lens of four distinct national contexts: the UK, Norway, Nigeria, and New Zealand. We present country-specific experiences to show how historical, cultural, and systemic factors shape FCP implementation. Across these settings, we identify common challenges, including tensions around professional boundaries, patient expectations, workforce readiness, and funding mechanisms. We also highlight locally adapted solutions such as co-location, policy reform, competency development, and culturally responsive models that demonstrate the importance of tailoring FCP to local needs. Finally, we reflect on the strategic implications for global practice, advocating for flexible frameworks, international collaboration, and context-sensitive innovation to support equitable and sustainable development of FCP worldwide. CONTRIBUTION OF THE PAPER.