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An Experimental Paradigm for the Prediction of Post-Operative Pain PPOP
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Factors Affecting Pain, Fear, and Comfort Levels After Intramuscular Injection and Nursing Strategies.
Güzel Nur Yıldız1, Dilara Koçyiğit2, Gamze Koç3
1Department of Medical Services and Techniques, Department of Dialysis Doctor of Nursing Practice, Muş Alparslan University, Muş, Turkey.
Summary
Pain and fear significantly impact patient comfort during intramuscular (IM) injections. Addressing both physical and psychological aspects is crucial for improving patient satisfaction and care during IM injections.
Area of Science:
- Nursing Interventions
- Patient Experience
- Pain Management
Background:
- Intramuscular (IM) injections are common nursing procedures.
- Pain, fear, and reduced comfort are frequent patient experiences.
- Limited research exists on the interplay of pain, fear, and comfort in emergency settings.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify factors associated with pain, fear, and comfort.
- To examine the relationships among pain, fear, and comfort after IM injections.
Main Methods:
- Cross-sectional, descriptive study design.
- 454 adult patients in emergency units.
- Data collected via forms and validated scales (VAS, Fear of Injection, Comfort Scale).
Main Results:
- Mean scores: Pain (2.89), Fear (2.37), Comfort (4.55).
- Pain linked to medication, frequency, fear, and satisfaction.
- Fear influenced by gender, chronic disease, and satisfaction.
- Comfort negatively correlated with fear, positively with satisfaction.
Conclusions:
- Pain and fear are key interrelated factors reducing patient comfort.
- Higher fear correlates with increased pain and decreased comfort.
- Patient-centered, evidence-based nursing practices enhance satisfaction.
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