The Matrisome as an Immunomodulator: A Role Far Beyond Its Structural Support

The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a dynamic and complex three-dimensional network that provides structural support and mechanical stability to tissues. The complete repertoire of ECM and associated proteins has recently been cataloged as matrisome, which encompasses both core structural components and ECM-associated proteins. Advances in ECM biology have overturned the traditional view of the ECM as a purely passive scaffold, revealing its active involvement in a wide range of biological processes. Among these, the ECM plays a critical regulatory role in inflammation. This review examines the bidirectional interplay between the matrisome and inflammatory processes, highlighting how matrisome components shape inflammatory responses and how inflammation, in turn, drives matrisome remodeling. A deeper understanding of matrisome-inflammation interactions will provide important insights into immunopathology and may inform the development of novel therapeutic strategies.