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Updated: Jun 13, 2026

Next Generation Sequencing for the Detection of Actionable Mutations in Solid and Liquid Tumors
Published on: September 20, 2016
BRAF Mutations in Myeloid Neoplasms: Prevalence, Co-Mutation Landscape, and Clinical Outcomes-A Comprehensive Review
Shehab F Mohamed1, Ali Mohamed2, Mohamed Fawzi Mudarres3
1Department of Hematology, National Center for Cancer Care and Research (NCCCR), Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar.
BRAF mutations are rare in myeloid neoplasms, often occurring with other genetic changes. While targeted therapies show some response, durable clearance remains a challenge, necessitating further research.
Area of Science:
- Hematology
- Oncology
- Molecular Biology
Background:
- BRAF mutations are key drivers in various cancers.
- Their role in myeloid neoplasms is poorly understood, with scattered data on prevalence and impact.
- This review consolidates knowledge on BRAF mutations in myeloid malignancies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To summarize the distribution and genetic landscape of BRAF mutations in myeloid neoplasms.
- To define the clinical significance and outcomes associated with BRAF mutations.
- To evaluate the efficacy of targeted therapies in BRAF-mutated myeloid neoplasms.
Main Methods:
- Systematic literature review up to 2025.
- Synthesis of data on BRAF mutation prevalence, subtypes, and co-mutations.
- Analysis of clinical outcomes and therapeutic responses.
Main Results:
- BRAF mutations are found in <1% of myeloid neoplasms, notably in chronic myelomonocytic leukemia and therapy-related AML.
- Mutations occur in a complex genomic context with other driver mutations (e.g., ASXL1, TET2).
- AML cases have poor prognosis; MDS and CMML show longer survival. Targeted therapy offers limited durable responses.
Conclusions:
- BRAF mutations in myeloid neoplasms are rare, heterogeneous secondary events.
- Mutation clearance is prognostically significant, but current targeted therapies lack durability.
- Further prospective studies are needed to optimize treatment strategies.
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