Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Detailed Structure and Function of Lymph Nodes

Detailed Structure and Function of Lymph Nodes

Lymph nodes are bean-shaped structures that cluster along the lymphatic vessels in the inguinal, axillary, and cervical regions. Each node is divided into compartments by a capsule that extends trabeculae inward.
From a histological perspective, lymph nodes can be split into two main areas: the superficial cortex and the deep medulla. The outer cortex is populated by dendritic cells, macrophages, and B lymphocytes, which are densely packed into follicles. When these B-lymphocytes are presented...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Viscoelastic Tests in Cirrhotic Patients Undergoing Invasive Procedures: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of RCTs.

Liver international : official journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver·2026

Same author

Radiology report quality improvement through structured provider feedback: a data-driven initiative.

Abdominal radiology (New York)·2026

Same author

Contemporary perspectives and debates in student ultrasound education: exploring didactic elements and theoretical aspects.

BMC medical education·2026

Same author

Ultrasound-Based Hepatorenal Index (HRI): Measurement Principles, Normal Values, and Clinical Application.

Zeitschrift fur Gastroenterologie·2026

Same author

The European Federation of Societies for Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology (EFSUMB): EFSUMB Position Statement on Live Ultrasound Scanning (update 2026).

Ultraschall in der Medizin (Stuttgart, Germany : 1980)·2026

Same author

Non-contrast microvascular flow imaging in abdominal ultrasound: a pictorial essay.

Journal of ultrasound·2026

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 29, 2026

Analysis of Lymph Node Volume by Ultra-High-Frequency Ultrasound Imaging in the Braf/Pten Genetically Engineered Mouse Model of Melanoma

Analysis of Lymph Node Volume by Ultra-High-Frequency Ultrasound Imaging in the Braf/Pten Genetically Engineered Mouse Model of Melanoma

Published on: September 8, 2021

Lymph Node Assessment with Multiparametric Ultrasound: Normal Values, Morphologic Patterns, and Diagnostic

Kathleen Möller¹, Christian Jenssen^2,3, Markus Herbert Lerchbaumer⁴

¹Medical Department I/Gastroenterology, SANA Hospital Lichtenberg, 10365 Berlin, Germany.

|March 28, 2026

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Accurate ultrasound (US) interpretation of lymph nodes (LNs) requires knowing normal reference values and using multiparametric imaging. This approach improves characterization and reduces invasive procedures.

Keywords:

lymph nodes multiparametric ultrasound reference values transcutaneous ultrasound

More Related Videos

High-frequency Ultrasound Imaging of Mouse Cervical Lymph Nodes

High-frequency Ultrasound Imaging of Mouse Cervical Lymph Nodes

Published on: July 25, 2015

Ultrasonographic Evaluation of Breast Cancer-related Lymphedema

Ultrasonographic Evaluation of Breast Cancer-related Lymphedema

Published on: January 12, 2017

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 29, 2026

Analysis of Lymph Node Volume by Ultra-High-Frequency Ultrasound Imaging in the Braf/Pten Genetically Engineered Mouse Model of Melanoma

Analysis of Lymph Node Volume by Ultra-High-Frequency Ultrasound Imaging in the Braf/Pten Genetically Engineered Mouse Model of Melanoma

Published on: September 8, 2021

High-frequency Ultrasound Imaging of Mouse Cervical Lymph Nodes

High-frequency Ultrasound Imaging of Mouse Cervical Lymph Nodes

Published on: July 25, 2015

Ultrasonographic Evaluation of Breast Cancer-related Lymphedema

Ultrasonographic Evaluation of Breast Cancer-related Lymphedema

Published on: January 12, 2017

Area of Science:

Radiology
Medical Imaging
Oncology

Background:

Transcutaneous ultrasound (US) is the primary imaging method for lymph node (LN) detection and characterization.
Accurate interpretation relies on understanding normal reference values and employing a multiparametric diagnostic strategy.

Purpose of the Study:

To review current evidence on normal lymph node morphology and measurements using various ultrasound techniques.
To summarize sonomorphologic features of benign and malignant LNs and their reference values.
To highlight diagnostic limitations and potential interpretation pitfalls.

Main Methods:

This study is a narrative review based on a comprehensive literature search.

Main Results:

The review covers B-mode US, color Doppler imaging (CDI), elastography, and contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) for normal LN assessment.
It presents typical features of benign and malignant LNs, including size, shape, echogenicity, vascularity, stiffness, and perfusion.
Multiparametric US (B-mode, CDI, elastography, CEUS) enhances diagnostic confidence and reduces the need for invasive procedures.

Conclusions:

Knowledge of normal US reference values is fundamental for accurate LN characterization.
Integrating multiparametric US findings improves diagnostic accuracy and supports standardized LN assessment.
This approach minimizes the need for invasive diagnostics in clinical and oncological practice.