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Updated: Mar 29, 2026
12:00
Evaluating the Electrochemical Properties of Supercapacitors using the Three-Electrode System
Published on: January 7, 2022
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A Comparative Study of Choline Chloride Deep Eutectic Electrolytes: Towards Sustainable Supercapacitors
Raquel San Emeterio1, Antía Santiago-Alonso1, Juan José Parajó2
1NaFoMat, Department of Applied Physics/Materials Institute of USC (iMATUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Campus Vida, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)
|March 28, 2026
Summary
Choline chloride-based deep eutectic solvents (DESs) were investigated as sustainable electrolytes for supercapacitors. Ethaline demonstrated superior electrochemical performance, showing the lowest resistivity and highest capacity among the tested DESs.
Area of Science:
- Materials Science
- Electrochemistry
- Green Chemistry
Background:
- Ionic liquids (ILs) are explored as electrolytes but face environmental concerns.
- Choline chloride (ChCl) presents a sustainable alternative due to its low toxicity and biodegradability.
- Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) are formed by combining ChCl with hydrogen bond donors (HBDs), lowering melting points.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate ChCl-based DESs (glyceline, ethaline, reline) as potential electrolytes for supercapacitors.
- To comparatively assess their thermal, electrochemical, and structural properties.
- To identify the most promising DES for supercapacitor applications.
Main Methods:
- Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) for thermal analysis.
- Cyclic Voltammetry (CV) and Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) for electrochemical performance.
- Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) for structural characterization.
Main Results:
- All investigated DESs exhibited amorphous behavior and remained liquid at low temperatures.
- Ethaline displayed the most favorable electrochemical properties.
- Ethaline showed the lowest electrical resistivity and the highest capacitance.
Conclusions:
- Choline chloride-based DESs are viable candidates for supercapacitor electrolytes.
- Ethaline emerges as a promising electrolyte due to its excellent electrochemical performance and low-temperature liquid behavior.
- Further research into DESs can advance sustainable energy storage solutions.
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