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Updated: Mar 29, 2026

Assessment of Boron Doped Diamond Electrode Quality and Application to In Situ Modification of Local pH by Water Electrolysis
Published on: January 6, 2016
Electrochemical Characterization and Sensitive Voltammetric Determination of Etamsylate at a Boron-Doped Diamond
Joanna Smajdor-Baran1, Katarzyna Fendrych1, Bogusław Baś1
1Department of Analytical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, AGH University of Krakow, 30-059 Krakow, Poland.
Abstract:
This study presents the development of a highly sensitive and selective electrochemical method for the determination of etamsylate (ETM) using a Boron-Doped Diamond (BDD) electrode. Analytical conditions were optimized using Square Wave Voltammetry (SWV), establishing an orthophosphoric acid (V) solution as the ideal supporting electrolyte. Under optimized instrumental parameters, the sensor demonstrated a superior linear response with a correlation coefficient of 0.999. The calculated limit of detection (LOD) was 0.10 µmol L-1 (0.026 mg L-1), with very good repeatability, indicated by an RSD of 3.17%. The practical utility of the BDD electrode was confirmed through the analysis of pharmaceutical and spiked biological samples, yielding recovery values between 95% and 102%. The results indicate that this method serves as a robust, cost-effective, and efficient alternative for routine quality control, clinical diagnostics, and environmental monitoring of etamsylate.
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